The conditions of the domestic and external environments play major roles in determining a country’s foreign policy, and both environments are related in a complex and intricate manner (Saliu: 1999). The foreign policy of General Yakubu Gowon (1966 – 1975) was dictated by domestic constraints of prosecuting the Nigerian Civil War (1967 – 1970) and keeping the country as one indivisible political entity (Adeniran: 1985). Even after the war, the direction of Nigeria’s foreign policy continued to be
Corruption is an issue that got major concern on almost all governments. According to World Bank (1997), corruption is “the abuse of public office for private gain”. Many countries, especially developing ones, are struggling to reduce corruption in government bureaucrats. Corruption among government officials is widespread from top to bottom level. It do not only happen on top level, where corruption is in form of political maneuver and policy making for profit gain, but also arise in middle to
attempted to investigate the general public perception about police department and factors that influence them perception. Policing is a major controlling part of human life and is necessary for modifiable human behavior, controlling crime and protecting the citizens. The objectives of the study were to identify the major factors which influence police image in public. (2) To find out that misusing of power in police department impacts public views about Police. (3) Role of presence or absence of accountability
Conceptualising the nature and challenges of public administration and management can be seen as a great impact to Africa becoming a developmental state. Public administration is a tool that guides the delivery of public sector management. In a numerous countries in Africa managing the public sector suggests a continuous mission to good governance. Good governance is one the core requirements of development. This report address describing the nature and challenges of public administration and management in
sector and it has been used as a policy tool due to the unfair practices that took in the era of apartheid. So now the procurement it is the centre stage of the delivery system in the government and procurement it must be used to help the social, industrial or environmental policies so they can be adhered to. I in South Africa during the apartheid era public procurement it was focusing on large and already recognised contractors, so it was hard for new contractors to take part in the government procurement
MARKET-ORIENTED REFORMS IN PUBLIC SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF LAHORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY BACKGROUND New Public Management (NPM), a public sector reforms started from 1980’s onwards. It is formally conceptualized by Hood in 1991. United Kingdom claims to have been its birthplace; many papers and researches providing evidences from UK. These NPM reforms are widespread and the Anglo-American countries and International organizations are among its strong advocates. In many developing countries including
services, towards how the health sector is governed. This means that the emphasis shifted to the identification of factors that influence the behavior of a health care system rather than discussing input and outputs. These factors include structures, procedures, and rules that lead to better performance and outcome. (7) Since governance operates in numerous dimensions, the term lacks a consensus on definition and framework, especially regarding the health sector (7). Governance, like government,
respond to complexity. Actually, literature is not unanimous in defining the role played by corporation in corruption. On the opposite, two contradictory discourses may be distinguished. Fundamentally framed on a political reasoning, part of the literature presents corporation as a powerful, predatory and self-interested agent (Cf. Beets, 2005; Rodriguez et al, 2005), who has been contributing to illegal activities by active adaptation mechanisms, like pressuring government officials or encouraging
2.1 Critical issues of public administration as an academic discipline in developing countries The developing countries government facing the challenge of 21st century regarding creation of a system of governance that promotes and supports efficient interaction and at the same time ensuring welfare, safety, health and security of their citizens. It is necessary for the government of developing countries to strengthen their support to perform the functions which are required for ensuring socially
their role, rights and obligations in socio-economic and political development. Freire (1968) considers the role of ethics in development and the need to educate society on its social and ethical responsibility in social, economic and political activities. In his theory, ethics is imperative in ensuring sustainable development because a failure in ethics staggers development. In considering the foregoing theory in development issues in Kenya, I consider the issue of corruption and its role in inhibiting