Urban Policy

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Question 1 South Africa’s pre-1994 urban policy focalised on the precept of Apartheid spatial planning, which coincided with the Group Areas Act of 1950, and the segregation and confinement to urban areas to particular demographics, and Udesh Pillay (2008:113) states that the post-1994 urban policy context was intended to forgo the notion of complete segregation by compacting urban forms and reintegrating cities and municipalities within South Africa. Pillay (2008:114) continues to state that Post-Apartheid to 2004 urban policy consisted of three major components, namely re-demarcating municipalities in order to integrate local governments, the complete restructuring of the local government, as well as the design of a system meant to create…show more content…
Pre-Apartheid South African cities experienced housing and service backlogs, spatial segregations and shortcomings resulting from Apartheid government structures, high unemployment and poverty, which the African National Congress addressed through the Reconstruction and Development Programme, therefore a core aim for the ANC’s post - 1994 urban policy was to provide all South Africans with basic needs, which housing and amenities and services were characterised as (Pillay 2008:115), therefore, the objective of the Post-Apartheid urban policy saw to discard spatial anomalies and segregation, redevelop local government, and provide all municipalities with basic needs which were previously disregarded during the Apartheid…show more content…
Global urban policies have common goals, to provide processes and services in cities (Pillay 2008:109), as well as to achieve an optimum settlement pattern that boosts the income for the people regardless of their location, class and economic backgrounds (Pillay 2008:111). Furthermore, the Post-Apartheid urban policy context links to the African urban policy context, as Africa in general has become extremely urbanised, and therefore is in need of structure and policy context (Pillay 2008:111), which is influenced as mentioned above by economic, social, political drivers that coincide with the uniqueness of each African city (Pillay 2008:112). Urban policies and development strategies carried out throughout Africa must factor in economic and residential land uses, housing and service needs, as well as the unique spatial structure evident in urbanised African cities (Pillay
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