The Pros And Cons Of Positive Psychology

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At the beginning of the 21st century Martin Seligman and his colleagues developed Positive Psychology as a new branch of science in Psychology (Seligman, 2002). Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that studies science and applications that relate to the study of psychological strengths and positive emotions (Snyder and Lopez, 2007). Positive psychological views emphasize on how to utilize strengths and pre-eminence rather than focusing on deficiency and weakness, opening a new window for the advancement of psychology (Seligman, 2002; Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). The object of the study of positive psychology is not only on the individual level but positive psychology covers the subject ranging from individual level (such…show more content…
This approach was pioneered by Fred Luthans in his research mapping positive behaviors in organizations known as the concept of positive organizational behavior (POB) (Bakker & Schaufeli, 2008; Luthans, 2002; Youssef & Luthans, 2007). In contrast to previous approaches, positive organizational behaviors have an orientation to the development of strengths and human resources and the development of measurable, open psychological capacity to be developed and effective in managing performance improvements in the current work environment (Luthans, 2002). Psychological capital is the core construct of the studied in the POB (Avey, Luthans, & Youssef, 2010; Youssef & Luthans, 2007). Psychological Capital (Psycap) is a positive psychological characteristic in individuals characterized by self efficacy, resilience, optimism and hope (Luthans, Youssef, & Avolio, 2015). The concept of psychological capital is a new approach developed to enhance the competitive ability of the organization, in which the four characteristics of the psychological modal are able to predict performance and job satisfaction better than each of the independent characteristics (Youssef & Luthans,…show more content…
In addition, previous research also showed negative correlation to negative attitude and negative behavior in work environment such as cynicism, work conflict, turnover, burnout and stress in work environment (Avey et al., 2011; Avey, 2014). Along with the more increasingly researches on psychological capital, on the other hand a study that specifically examines the antecedent of psychological capital is not yet done massively (Avey et al., 2011; Avey, 2014). In fact, research about antecedents of psychological capital is an exciting and rewarding field of research in the future (Avey, 2014). In line with that, Newman, Ucbasaran, Zhu, & Hirst (2014) revealed that knowledge of the antecedent of psychological capital increasingly opens opportunities for organizations to develop programs that can support the development of individual psychological capital. Frederickson in his theory of "build and broaden theory" (Fredrickson, 2001) provides an understanding of how psychological capital mechanisms can have a positive impact on employee performance (Kappagoda, Zainul, Othman, & Alwis, 2014). Build and broaden theory

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