The Importance Of Oral Communication

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Communication involves two active processes of production and reception of the message. In other words, it includes processes of creation of meaningful messages and the recreation of these messages. In this process of recreation, listeners are involved actively in the communication process and use their background knowledge of the world and of language to understand the spoken message. Doff (1990) state that teachers expect the students to listen closely and remember afterwards what they have heard but if the students do not learn to listen effectively, they will be unable to participate in oral communication. Doff reports an investigation demonstrating the effectiveness of structuring the reading for the learners by providing a set of predictive…show more content…
In a study done by Nunan (1999), the use of concept mapping technique had a positive effect on the reading comprehension of students. In this study, students were put into one of three groups, and asked to listen to an interview. The first group was required to listen to the tape and take notes, then answer the comprehension test. The second group was required to listen to the tape and check off the key words and phrases and then complete the comprehension test. Finally the third group was required to listen to the tape and not only check off the key words but also the relationship between those words and complete a concept map. The study showed that the additional depth of processing in the third group resulted in superior…show more content…
This may be so because it has been established that self-assessment may lead to learner autonomy, which can develop a language skill in the long-term (see Ekbatani, 2000; Little, 2005; Nunan, 1988). There have been studies that investigated the intricacies of selfassessment and listening. For example, Oscarson (1997) concluded that self-assessment is more accurate if learners have training in this regard. Jafarpur and Yamini (1995) reported that the reliability of self-assessment increases when it is done on a regular basis. Finally, Elliot and Higgins (2005) concluded that students perceive self-assessment to be a fair measure of their abilities or contributions, and this perspective leads to increases in motivation. Reading is an integral component of EFL learning and teaching. Several studies have been conducted to find a ways to facilitate reading comprehension. Some researchers such as Latham and Markham (1987), Long (1990), and Schmidt-Rinehart (1994) suggested that concept mapping aided the reading comprehension of ESL learners. However, other researcher such as Chiang and Dunkel (1992), Hansen and Jensen (1994, 1995) reported that concept mapping did not promotes comprehension when reading to monologue
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