Fresh Water Scarcity In China

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The purpose of the report is to reduce the fresh water scarcity in China and provide the local solutions to solve the two issues of fresh water scarcity along with potential solution to solve one of the two issues. China has Water scarcity problems. Two main issues of the water scarcity are uneven distribution and water pollution, among which uneven distribution is selected to solve. To solve it, there is a South-to-North Water Diversion Project to solve uneven distribution, and there are sewage treatment works and dividing water source district projects to solve water pollution problems, among which the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is better. For me, to solve the uneven distribution problems, the proposed solution is to build more…show more content…
To be specific, “Water scarcity” refers to the volumetric abundance, or lack thereof, of water supply. This is typically calculated as a ratio of human water consumption to available water supply in a given area. Water scarcity is a physical, objective reality that can be measured consistently across regions and over time. (2014, Schulte.P) China lacks of water resources very much(about 120 cubic meters per person a year),although its total amount of freshwater resources is around 2,000 cubic meters per capita, one-third of the global average. Chinese fresh water resources are unevenly spread. The North Plain, a region home to a quarter of the population (including capital Beijing), is especially dry. (2014, Kuo.L) Two main issues of the water scarcity are uneven distribution and water pollution, among which uneven distribution is selected to solve. Uneven distribution is that water is unevenly spread. In China, its land area is the second largest around the world, and water is scarcer in the western parts of China, which has few water sources to meet people's demands. To solve it, there is a South-to-North Water Diversion Project to solve uneven distribution, and there are sewage treatment works and dividing water source district projects to solve water pollution…show more content…
To solve the uneven distribution, building the reservoirs is effective to save large amount of water. Dam Type of construction Catchment area (hectares) Max capacity (megalitres) Max capacity (million gallons) Top Water Level (mAOD) Length of dam (metres) Max height of dam (metres) Maximum depth of water (metres) Dannemarche St Lawrence - 1909 Masonry faced, mass concrete infill 200 93.0 20.46 45.26 70.1 7.9 6.5 Grands Vaux St Saviour - 1952 Mass concrete 909 229.6 50.5 36.58 141 15 9.5 Handois St Lawrence - 1931 Masonry faced, mass concrete infill 271 187.5 41.25 88.70 110 7.3 4.0 Millbrook St Lawrence - 1890 Masonry faced, mass concrete infill with clay core 127 36.4 8.0 19.83 57.3 6.0 3.5 Queen’s Valley Grouville - 1991 Rockfill embankment with bituminous concrete core 516 1193.0 262 36.00 175 24 20 Val de la Mare St Peter/ St Ouen - 1962 Mass concrete 350 938.7 206.5 46.02 192.9 32.81 24.31 From the table, it describes construction Catchment area, Max capacity, Max capacity, Top Water Level, Length of dam, Max height of dam, and Maximum depth of water of different reservoirs in different

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