stated that, at the beginning of twenty-first century English language learning and English language teaching have become the center of attention in comparison to the twentieth century. As Crystal (1997) indicated "English language today has a special status in at least 70 or so countries and is most widely taught foreign language in over 100 other countries" (p.109). According to Selcuk (2009) these days, owing to the fact that English language includes various disciplines ranging from technology to the
employ for coping with speaking and listening problems related to their strategic behavior during communication. These strategies will be investigated with regard to two cognitive factor: a. Anxiety. The low, moderate and high anxiety levels will be distinguished through Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale designed by Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope (1986). b. Self-efficacy beliefs. On the basis of the participants’ performance
imagine having these same anxieties, but also having to face them in a completely different language than your own. In Harumi Kimura’s journal article, “Foreign Language Listening Anxiety: a Self-Presentational”, she explores the anxieties and the psychological repercussions faced by second language listeners. Using the Self Presentation theory as a basis for her study, Kimura discovered truth to her hypothesis, and created greater insight into problems faced by second language listeners. To begin it
contributors to students’ demotivation in English learning. To begin with, despite the awareness of the necessity of English in this modern life, the majority of the students both in the questionnaires and the interviews perceived English as a difficult language to master because of its complicated grammar, difficult pronunciation, a lot of vocabulary, etc. (item 1). This result was in accordance with the findings in Tran and Baldauf (2007), Luu (2011), and Nguyen’s (2013) studies in which this
people, it appears that young children can learn a second or foreign language with little effort, utter words and sentences with ease. Research demonstrates that it is advantageous for children to pick up a second language while at an early stage in their lives, due to neurological and cognitive development processes, which adults no longer possess. This research examines whether children are better at learning and, or acquiring a second language compared to adults looking at cognitive, neurological and
education. As a graduate student in Second Language Acquisition I am interested in exploring how virtual environments can be integrated in the language curriculum to aid and enhance students’ learning. The traditional language textbook has become an outdated educational tool which does not offer a comprehensive view of how the world is continuously changing and teachers must consider the potential of technology to promote students’ development. In language education virtual reality in particular can
goal directedness remain in the modern version of the word” (Oxford, 1990, p.8). The term “strategy” has been defined differently by different researchers. In the context of language learning, the term ‘strategy’ refers to a specific kind of action resorted by learners to improve their performance in using and learning a language (Naiman, Frohlich, Stern, & Todesco, 1978). Basically, as pointed out by Williams and Burden (1997), improvements in cognitive psychology affected much of the research studies
rate and success of second/foreign language learning. Motivation refers to the desire that starts learning in the first place and keeps it on during the difficult situations. Motivation can even make up for an aptitude deficiency. Accounting for a great deal of variability among individuals, Gardner and Lambert (1972) found that, aptitude motivation is actually more important than the effects of aptitude. They argued that people still manage to learn a second language without considering aptitude
Political-legal environment Political-legal environment are rules and regulations that a government establish in order to control and limit organizations practices and attitudes. For foreign companies it can become opportunities or threats, they must understand and respect the laws related to intellectual property companies, foreign exchange competition, labor, and so on. The Government policies such as monetary, fiscal, industrial, labor export-import police must also be respected and
Technology and Second Language Learning Li Li Lin Alliant International University May 15, 2009 E-mail: lilylin1524@hotmail.com 2 Introduction Current technology provides new opportunities to increase the effectiveness of language learning and teaching. Incorporating well-organized and effective technology into second language learning and teaching for improving students’ language proficiency has been refined by researchers and educators for many decades. Based on the rapidly changing evolution of