Traditional Political System

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Introduction Although in our time, informal political systems have practically disappeared. They were the dominant type of political systems until the third millennium AD. In particular, they were fully dominant until the beginning of industrialization at the dawn of the XIX century. In all parts of the world, there was a large number of tribal systems. Examples would be the San, Nuer, and Tie in Africa; Aborigines of Australia; Kalinga, andamans and dongxiang in Asia; The Eskimos, Kuwaktsutl in North America etc. Most of these peoples were engaged in hunting, picking berries, digging up the roots, cattle breeding, fishing, gardening or unproductive farming. The adoption of political decisions was not regulated by any formal political institutions…show more content…
In the minds of people, the spiritual goals and the material means of achieving them merged. Thus, the harvesting of rice was for them not only a process of obtaining food, but also a ritual action, an act of worship. Since the introduction of new technology (tractors, harvesters, harvesters) posed a threat to spiritual values, the leaders resisted the growth of labor productivity, as a consequence of these material transformations. The individual self-realized in the family, community solidarity was supported by a common belief. Personal interests were constrained by community relations, the basis of which was the family, kinship ties and religious beliefs, such as, for example, animism. The authority of the leader supported the determination to uphold the norms of collectivist behavior. The ideal of relations between rulers and governed were relations of political equality, and not a hierarchy at…show more content…
Realized the policy through informal role groups, such as collectors. There were no institutions of government: bureaucracy, army, police, law and court, which would have political power. Being small, self-sufficient and mostly isolated from external institutions, societies pursued a policy of decentralization, the natural centers of which were sources or parking places. Consensus as a priority method of dispute resolution prevailed over coercion. Anyone who violated the agreement in the community, lost respect for his fellow tribesmen, incurred the shaman's curses and often was forced to move to another locality. Coordination of policy was carried out by elders and leaders. They resolved the disputes that arose in connection with access to sources, the distribution of food, the use of land, and family quarrels. Group pluralism had no noticeable influence. There were no cases when a strong, voluntarily united group emerged from the family and began to put forward their own demands on the leaders and elders who ran the system of gatherers and hunters. The power of political leaders was very limited. Individuals, in a family way, solved issues related to trade, hunting, marriage, making tools and distributing gifts. The leaders organized the movement of the community from source to source, access to water and food for strangers, protection of food
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