Pizarro named the first colony Ciudad de los Reyes. We now know the city as Lima, the biggest city in Peru, housing a third of the Peruvian population. The location was previously inhabited by several American Indian groups, Amerindian for short. They were united under the Ychsma polity, which was conquered by the Inca Empire in the 15th century. As Pizarro was named governor of the lands he conquered, he chose the Rímac Valley
Santa María la Antigua del Darién in present-day Panama in 1510, which was the first permanent European settlement on the mainland of the Americas. Career in the New World Balboa came from the ranks of that lower nobility whose sons—“men of good family who were not reared behind the plow,” in the words of the chronicler Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés—often sought their