Advantages And Disadvantages Of Soybean

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Soybean is an important crop, with food, nutritional, industrial, and pharmaceutical uses. Soybean seeds contain about 40% protein and about 20% oil. They are also abundant in physiologically active metabolites such as isoflavones, lecithins, tocopherols and saponins, in addition to functional proteins and are used as an affordable source of foods that promote and maintain health (Sugano 2005). The genomic era is now under way for soybean, as for other many crops. Recently, a soybean genomics database has been developed from the whole genome sequence (Schmutz et al. 2010), and a large number of genomic, transcriptional, and functional annotated sequences can be retrieved from Phytozome In addition to efforts to sequence the whole genome, several…show more content…
Cotyledonary node–Agrobacterium-mediated transformation A biological vector, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, is used to transfer desirable genes placed in the T-DNA region into a host plant genome. The advantages of Agrobacterium-meditated transformation include its straightforward methodology, familiarity to researchers, minimal equipment cost and reliable insertion of a single transgene, or a low copy number Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of soybean in co-cultivation has been followed by organogenesis from cotyledonary nodes immature cotyledons and embryogenic suspension cultures (Trick and Finer 1998). Originally the method relied on a soybean genotype that conferred susceptibility to A. tumefaciens infection and on the availability of plant regeneration However, recent advances, as described below, overcome some of these…show more content…
2006, Herman et al. 2003, Nishizawa et al. 2010). ADVANTAGES OF SOYBEAS TRANSFORMATION Insect and nematode resistance Insecticidal crystal proteins (cry proteins or δ-endotoxins) are an active component of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) toxin, a biological insecticide (Tabashnik 1994). Expression of the Bt cry gene in soybean has proven highly effective for controlling insect pests , and the resistance to lepidopteran pests in a transgenic line expressing Bt cry1A was confirmed under field conditions Disease resistance Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is endemic in virtually all regions where soybeans are grown in the presence of vector insects. SMV can cause serious yield losses (Ross 1969), so virus resistance is an essential trait for introduction Abiotic stress tolerance Drought stress is one of the major environmental limitations on crop production. Transgenic soybean expressing P5CR, encoding l-Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, which catalyzes the final step in proline biosynthesis, under the control of an inducible heat shock promoter was more tolerant to drought and high temperature than non-transgenic plants (De Ronde et al. 2004a,

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