Objective (vii) seek to describe a model of the Nigerian palm oil market to enable us determine the macroeconomics factors that affect the output of the palm oil industry in Nigeria. Five variables were examined; these are areas, yields, domestic consumption, export and import. (a) Area Table 4.25: Estimated 2SLS Regression of Total Area Equation under palm oil in Nigeria (1970-2013). Number of obs = 43 Wald chi2(2) = 56.49 Prob> chi2 = 0.0000 R-squared = 0.6582
acres of land globally (Fig. 1). GMOs are created through the alteration of genes in a living organism to produce a new genotype. Most food modifications have been primarily focused on cash crops in high demand from farmers such as soybean, corn, canola, and cottonseed oil (GMO Compass – Fig. 2). These cash crops have been engineered for resistance to both pathogens and herbicides, and for better nutrient profiles. Yet, these so-called ‘miracle crops’, which have been said to improve yield for farmers
1.6.1 Anti-adhesive properties Biofilms are of great attention in many industries such as medical and food because bacteria colonize medical devices and food processing surfaces by changing their properties (Zeraik and Nitschke, 2010). One of the very important applications of bio-surfactants is their role as anti-adhesive agents to pathogens, making them useful for treating many diseases and as therapeutic and probiotic agents. Bio-surfactants not only prevent adhesion of bacteria to the surfaces
used for the production of valuable products through solid state fermentation processes (SSF). Therefore, solid state fermentation and their effect on the formation of value added product are reviewed and discussed. KEY WORDS: Agro-industrial wastes; oil cakes; solid state fermentation; bioactive compounds;
is 100% organic product. 1.8.3 Economic Benefits of Biodiesel The biodiesel can be extracted from any material that contains fatty acids. The various vegetable fats and oils, animal fats, waste greases and edible oil processing wastes can be used as feedstock for the production of biodiesel. The future needs for imported oil to manufacture regular diesel fuel could be reduced by the significant use of biodiesel. The cost of biodiesel is most likely to remain stable than fossil fuel costs in future
Introduction Nutrition is one of the most important factors in the growth of animals. Every single animal has specific nutrient requirements depending on genetic factors, body size, and age. In this experiment, it was crucial to know the exact nutrient and energy requirement of the animals being tested on to ensure proper nutrition and care for the animals. To determine the requirements of the animals, it was necessary to know the breed in which the animals were categorized, what stage of growth
biomass, and have immense utilization in transportation and diverse industrial mechanisms. Secondary biofuels can be produced in the form of solids (e.g. charcoal, fuelwood, wood pellets), or liquids (e.g. ethanol, biodiesel, butanol, pyrolysis oils and bio-oil), or gases (e.g. biogas, synthesis gas, methane and hydrogen) (Nigam & Singh, 2011). The secondary biofuels can be segregated into first, second and third-generation biofuels based on the substrate availability, technology maturity and GHG gas
The ever increasing demand for food and other basic needs has put a lot of pressure on the plant genetic resources (PGR) and diversity particularly in agricultural sector in terms of addressing the accompanied challenges associated with increasing crop productivity. The utilization of PGR in agriculture has not only brought about profound changes in the crop productivity and quality, but has also opened up newer and unforeseen potential vistas including improvement of novel traits by domestication