How to study regionalism in Greater East Asia For a long time, East Asia’s regional institutional environment was based on comparison with the European case What is Regionalism? On the Concept of region, regionalism and regionalization “Katzenstein defines regions as having both “material and symbolic dimensions” that are traceable in “patterns of behavioral interdependence and political practice.”3 In other words, regions “reflect the power and purpose of states.”4 This emphasizes the importance
Regional trade agreements are designed to promote free trade but instead the world may be moving toward a situation in which a number of regional trade blocks compete against each other (Hill, 2011:276). Shenkar & Luo (Shenkar and Luo, 2004: 299) support this definition and assert that “economic integration is concerned with the removal of trade barriers or impediments between at least two participating
Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, multitudinous regional organizations and integration groups have emerged on its ashes (for their overview, see Czerewacz-Filipowicz and Konopelko 2017), a trend which Libman and Vinokurov (2012) call “holding-together” integration, defining it as “a regional integration scheme initiated by a group of countries which recently belonged to a single political and economic entity (a unitary state or a colonial empire) and which exhibit high levels of economic, political
alliances regional cooperation gained an important role in international politics. The European Union, OPEC, African Union, SAARC etc are some of the prominent regional cooperation initiatives. These associations mainly focus on trade and economic factors peace, security and development in the region. Given common geography and history this region could have been much easier to integrate. But in reality it is not. This book is centred on why regional cooperation is important in the region and what are
Regional Languages as a source of National Cohesion Introduction The paramount code of Sufism is, 'Ishq Allah, Ma'bud Allah' (God is love, lover, and beloved). The study emphasizes on national cohesion on the basis of regional languages and the dimension on which this study drives that is regional poetry (Sufism). This study enlightens that national integration can be formulated through regional poetries for the purpose to strengthen the external and internal position of a nation
Economic growth – the annual rate of increase in a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) – is what determines the material well – being of people within a society. It is the process of accelerating growth that has allowed for a better style of living for majority of people as compared to the standards of living of say, 100 years ago. Though there has been an increased clamor by economists and policy makers for a broader perspective to economic growth – to include poverty alleviation, reduce inequality
provides leaders vying for prosperity with incentives to appeal to the market. In other words, globalization let the leaders to take the “middle path” to maintain more peaceful and even profitable to socioeconomic in global society. In this aspect, integration of market economy is indispensable process for promoting the world society to be more wealthy and stable in terms of global trade and finance system. Globalization has contributed to huge rise in global trade and that led to change in supply chains
1. Company Profile and Competitive Advantage Company History: Alfamart is a chain of convenience stores in Indonesia. Alfamart stores generally sell a variety of food products, beverages and other living necessities, able to meet the daily needs of consumers. Alfamart’s history began in 1989 by Susanto Djoko and Family. Founded under the name of PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk (Company). Trade and distribution business in the retail sector in 1999. On June 27, 1999, PT. Alfa Top Mitramart
and computer assisted testing systems, suitable effective software such as modeling and real environments, educational gateways, educational management systems and other application software. Human-ware: the factors that constrain the effective integration of ICT in education are supposed to subject’s experts and students. The aims of the human-ware circle are to create a professional
Introduction The process of European Integration has come a very long way since its humble beginning in the 1950’s. The need for co-operation in Europe had become clear after the two world wars. The exact origins of the massive supranational institution of the European Union (EU) is often disputed, but we can trace it back to economic co-operation on small scale with institutions such as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) of 1952. Institutions like this were forerunners for the current