for democracy. Throughout and shortly once World War II, affected with the stability of democracy in Great Britain and also the United States and its breakdown in Germany and European nation, several students (e.g., Duverger 1954: 206-280; Hermens 1941) argued that two-party systems were additional favorable to democracy, which multiparty systems attended be additional unstable. These analysts failed to pay a lot of attention to the smaller European democracies, wherever multiparty systems had been
together in society. In democracy every citizen within the state can participate in the process, by freely acceding information about political issues (Lincoln, 1861-16).A political party is defined as a special form of a social organisation of organised people with familiar political aims and opinions by which they seek to influence the public policy by getting their candidates elected to public offices. The aim of the political party is to fulfil democracy and they fulfil democracy through various supporting
creation of a constitutionally single party state: The second important attempt taken by the independent African states was speaking loudly, openly and frankly about single-party, monoparty system. This aimed to transform the colonial multiparty system by which African leaders thought that colonial multi-party system will impede rapid growth of African political superstructure and development. Iliffe (1995, 2007: 395) noticed that ‘this politics seems to have entered the continent mainly through
amongst contesting parties, candidates and voters. Not only does electoral integrity strengthens institutional confidence but also brings satisfaction with the performance of exercised right to electe a leader through the voting system. Norris(2013) notes that established democracies are often thought to be free from more serious ‘first order’ problems but commonly do face problems with election administration and management. Electoral administration is defines in many ways by scholars. In this research
Introduction The consequences of a dominant party system for the successful consolidation of democracy, has always been an issue of interest amongst political scientists in democracies all over the world. In a situation whereby one political party dominates the political landscape and faces little prospect of defeat in the general elections, then concerns always arise surrounding the possibility of declining government response to public opinion, loss of accountability and the overall destruction
registration on the government, the responsibility in the United States is placed on the individuals themselves, making the cost of registering to vote higher there than in other industrialized democracies. Difficulty of absentee voting is a third
of democratic government and a tool of society in articulating their aspirations. Along with Neumann and Sartori, Mainwaring (1991: 41) highlights that parties are not mere abstract institutions which follow some mechanical rules in the political system. They are institutions created above all by politicians, and the way they relate to civil society and the state, as well as their capability to represent and impede the representation of
Many nations, including even the democracies of Western Europe now formally recognized the PRC as China and removed their ambassadors from Taipei. This was all part of the PRC’s attempt of isolating Taiwan. No nation was able to conduct any trade or business with China, if they still formally
century was the condominium of the West except its two parts: Ethiopia and Liberia. Before colonization African societies has lived in state or stateless societies. The society has its own political structure. Those society formed patrimonial political system. Mean a while officially the Europe started colonization in Africa around 1870s. The Europe exploited resources and alienated Africans from any kind of rights. Then the different groups, civil societies, national movement and black elites (Who worked
into the kingdom of Nepal a number of petty Hindu principalities and semi-autonomous tribal groups (Caplan, 1971). In 1846 Jang BahadurRana took over the reign and his Rana successors ruled the nation by 1951 for 104 years as a family rule. In 1951 democracy