result of his research on various arts in Penang in the 80-s, he concluded, there is no doubt that cosmopolitan culture in Penang is already evident during the era of British colonisation. He added, there are solid evidences of cosmopolitanism and modernism present among the early community of Penang as recorded in Norman’s
The theme of modernity is the separation between the universal and the individual or between society and an individual person. The political leaders of modernity advocated reason as a source of progress in the social change. Believing that with reason they can establish a fairly and justly social order in the form of the government that
its relationships. Modernism of the west which driven by the experience of technology, military, economy, and political superiority indirectly challenged Islam to define themselves, by Islamism in building civilization. Modernism was the adaptation of religious ideas and practices to take accounts of what west had achieved with democratic life. Meanwhile Islamism was a return to a supposedly original core Islamic praxis as a way of overcoming the west. Both movement of modernism and Islamism are now
and synthetic cubism post 1912 (RUBIN 1980:243). FIGURE 3 : PABLO PICASSO (1881-1973) 'Ambroise Vollard', 1915 (oil on canvas) FUTURISM: was a revolutionary movement that aroused in Italy and celebrated modernity, therefore the futurists intended to outline a
supernatural or natural origins of the work and concentrate on the intentional object of the work. All of those said, it can be clearly seen how this blends in with second life and as post modernism is explained in 2 above to be a change that occurred from then time to now or modernisation. Making this a good example of modernism (Mayo,
Modernism was a period in history dating from the 1860’s through to the 1970’s. The architecture of this time was characterized by the raw structural forms, simplicity, horizontal and vertical lines. The production of machinery was rapidly improving and increasing during the industrial revolution, which had a colossal influence on the design of modern architecture. Building materials and structural features were no longer concealed for aesthetic purposes as mechanics became artistic expression; exhibiting
know of and were familiar with became something strange, ambiguous, exciting but also frightening at the same time. We have come to the period that differences and changes are considered good. This so-called period is known as “modernization”. Modernity occurred after the period of industrialization during the late 18th century where new standards of living and manufacturing systems were established. Later, the new power of American Capitalism
governs everything – both public and private. Nonetheless; it is a religion deeply divided within itself (Ball & Dagger, 2010). Muslims see their faith as threatened by external threats, such as influential Western ideas that have risen alongside modernity – such as liberalism and secularism. While mainstream Islamism acknowledges such threats, the difference arises in radical Islamism, where the threat is viewed as greater and the danger more imminent – resulting in a form of religious fundamentalism
Environment and Sociology Sociology can help us to understand how environmental problems are distributed in regions, countries and communities. For example although global warming will affect everyone on the planet, it will do so in different ways to different groups and communities. Flooding kills many more people in low-lying, poor countries, such as Bangladesh, where housing and emergency infrastructures are less able to cope with severe weather than in Europe. In richer countries, such as the
The quest involved a deliberate selection process of what to hold on to and what to abandon. It involved resisting the strong forces of global modernism, yet adapting them where necessary and acceptance of what is truly local. Through deep contemplation, he gradually developed an insight of the local architectural legacy and climatic requirements. Soon enough, he decided to shift from a pure western