When margins improve under the scheme, there is more latitude for discounting. This avoids problems associated with cash flow and negative margins. Therefore, a business may choose not to plan its discount across the board but decide on a generic pricing policy of different discounts on different brands and lines, taking account of its cash margin
Abstract An Islamic bank is an institution that offers only Shariah compliance product which attracts not only Muslim citizen but also Non-Muslim citizen. This motivates us to undertake to examine relative stability of Islamic bank in Malaysia that becoming more and more popular. Z-score are used as proxy for bank stability and a standard panel data analysis was constructed consisting several variables which suggest to be the factor affecting bank stability. Aware of all the constraints and challenges
Malaysia gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1957. It’s GDP per capita at this time was approximately of 234.92 US dollars and the life expectancy of a Malay was 59 years9. In the following years the government decided to guide Malaysia’s economy in the good way with macroeconomic plans. This allowed Malaysia’s GDP to grow in average 6.5 percent per year from its independence to 2005. Malaysia’s economy also grew thanks to the exportation of many goods such as rubber and palm oil which
The East Asian economic and financial crisis of 1997/1998 generated a significant amount of analysis and debate, particularly about macroeconomic issues in the region. It also increased awareness about issues concerning the role and functions of regulators and the need for improved disclosure and good corporate governance. Meanwhile there were many public listed companies adopted relatively high-levels of corporate abuse and in some cases breakdown, attributable in part of effective corporate governance
Types of Economic System Ruhul Nisa Binti Remali Centre for Foundation Studies,International Islamic University of Malaysia Brother Mohd Karimi Bin Sulaiman Human Sciences 144312 Types of Economic System The term economic system refers to the mode of production and distribution of goods and services within which economic activities takes place. In other words, Assar Lindbeck(1972)defined it as "a set of mechanism and institution for decision making concerning production,distribution and
1. One problem in ASEAN is poverty. The GDP between the countries in ASEAN has a big difference. The richest country has a GDP per capita that is 145 times the poorest country. The countries that are mainly suffering from poverty Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Cambodia. These countries account for about 72% of Southeast Asia’s total population and roughly 50% of the poor. One of the main reasons for poverty is malnutrition. Malnutrition slows down the process of poverty alleviation. It limits
They included factors like inflation and market capitalization for measuring profitability of banks amongst other things. External factors like GDP and inflation were also included and this falls under macroeconomic headings. Banks with large means and variations in ROCE and ROE were the ones that were larger in size. This meant that these banks had large amounts of equity at their disposal as compared to banks that had just opened and were much smaller in
“THINK GLOBAL, ACT LOCAL”- Seriously? Globalization has become the buzzword of the last two decades. As Tom Fredrick has said in his book The World Is Flat, Friedman recounts on a journey that how globalization is changing the economies of countries as a whole. Friedman recounts many examples of companies to tell us that the world has indeed crpossed national boundaries and is a single marketplace. He cites examples based in India and China that, by providing labor ranging from that of typists and
A growing body of research asserts that the provision of capital through small-scale loans facilitated via rural banking reforms and microfinance initiatives is an effective policy intervention to promote self-employment. Such microfinance initiatives target individuals who face difficulty obtaining conventional loans through commercial banks, with women being a special target group. Without access to formal loans, these individuals have often had to rely on informal-sector money lenders and other
stimulate growth of the agriculture sector, which resulted in stagflation in the agriculture of these countries (Greeley 1993). In these countries food prices increased sharply and the real wages declined which resulted in food riots and other social problems. Due to these reforms in Africa, food security was affected, resulting into malnutrition and higher Infant Mortality Rate. In Asia, there was mixed experience with regard to these reforms. The reforms enabled most Asian