the technique of liquid-liquid extraction will be used to separate compounds in a mixture using immiscible solvents. Each separated compound will then be evaporated/dried into a solid and used to obtain melting points to identify each compound in the mixture. Throughout experiment, pH levels needed to be managed closely. DATA AND CALCULATIONS PART A MASS OF DRY RECOVERED BENZOIC ACID: 0.0111g MASS OF BENZOIC ACID USED FOR EXTRACTION: 0.0516g
2014 Abstract Starting from n-butanol, the product n-butyl bromide was formed using sulfuric acid. The mechanism is an Sn2 reaction, which forms a concerted intermediate. The n-butanol, sodium bromide, and water mixture was put into reflux and then distilled. It was then extracted with water twice, and then extracted with sodium bicarbonate solution. Anhydrous calcium chloride was then used then used to dry the product. Using Infrared Spectroscopy, the product was verified to be 72% n-butyl bromide
2015 Partners: John Hey and Garrett Harmon Dr. Dilip Paul Organic Chemistry Laboratory I (CHEM-336-04) Report 2 Sublimation of Caffeine Extracted from Tea Leaves Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to gain experience in performing sublimation of a compound. This experiment had three main portions. The first involved boiling the tea bags to dissolve the caffeine in water. The second portion involved adding methylene chloride to the tea to create two distinct layers, separating the
hydraulic fracturing. The operation starts out by drilling vertically into the ground to a desired depth. It then turns ninety degrees and continues horizontally several thousand feet into shale, believed to contain trapped natural gas. A mixture of water, sand, and various chemicals, is pumped at high pressure into the well, which splits the shale so that the natural gas can escape. The natural gas escapes through the cracks made in the shale and is brought to the surface to be processed. It is a very
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Biofuel is the name given to fuel for Diesel engines created by the chemical conversion of animal fats or vegetable oils. Pure vegetable oil works well as a fuel for Diesel engines itself, as Rudolf Diesel demonstrated in his engine at the 1900 world’s fair with peanut oil as the fuel. The United State Fuelling stations make biodiesel readily available to consumers across Europe and increasingly in the USA and Canada. This is an indication that biodiesel can operates in compression
pellets), or liquids (e.g. ethanol, biodiesel, butanol, pyrolysis oils and bio-oil), or gases (e.g. biogas, synthesis gas, methane and hydrogen) (Nigam & Singh, 2011). The secondary biofuels can be segregated into first, second and third-generation biofuels based on the substrate availability, technology maturity and GHG gas emission balance. (Bharathidasan et al. 2011). Research has provided more progressive and productive conversion technologies for the extraction of biofuels in solid, liquid and gaseous
The oil spill is a term use to describe a form of pollution. The term can also be applied to marine oil spills that refer to the release of the petroleum-related products into the sea/ocean or coastal waters. Oils spills include the release of petroleum-related product from offshore platforms, tankers, drilling wells and rigs. Also, spill of refined petroleum related products such as petrol, diesel, gasoline and their by-products. Petroleum by-products
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene and the like. These products are highly consumed by humans. Reports revealed that people staggered almost 90 million barrels of petroleum every day (Adair, 2015). The over-extraction and over-used of rock-oil have caused negative effects and damaged the Earth’s biosphere that resulted in the pollution of air, land, and water that contribute to climate change. Although there is a newly-alternative fossil fuel that is formed from natural processes
extracts of purified bioactive components. Since nutraceuticals have broad application areas in various fields, it creates unlimited scope for exploring them in research. The undisputed efficacy of phytochemicals has drawn attention towards their extraction and separation from their natural origin to derive drugs. Table 1.1 gives a representative list of natural products and their therapeutic
Frequency Drive work? 5 What is an ACS1000? 9 Input Rectifier Bridges / Diodes: 10 Grounding isolator: 10 Protection IGCTs & Precharge Resistors: 10 di/dt Limiting Choke: 11 Inverter : 11 Output Sine Filter: 11 Conclusion: 15 Introduction: In this report I am going to write about my two months Internship in Abu Dhabi gas industries