timely and adequate credit in the absence of this special dispensation. Typically, these are small value loans to farmers for agriculture and allied activities, micro and small enterprises, poor people for housing, students for education and other low income groups and weaker sections. PSL is an important financial policy aiming to restore the balance within different sectors of the economy and aid the development of the weaker, employment-intensive sectors such as agriculture and micro or small scale
of its population lives in rural area and 60 percent depend on agriculture (according to the World Bank reports), micro-finance can play a vital role in providing financial services to the poor and low income individuals. Microfinance is the form of a broad range of financial services such as deposits, loans, payment services, money transfers, insurance, savings, micro-credit etc. to the poor and low income individuals. The importance of micro-finance in the developing economies like India can not
1 Introduction Sustainable agriculture approach has been developed and diffused in the recent decades because of the concerns about the negative impacts of modern agriculture on human health, the natural environment and resources. This approach that not only makes better use of natural goods and services for human needs without damaging the environment, but also minimizes the use of external inputs. Moreover, it enables farmers to more effectively use their knowledge and skills (Duesterhaus 1990;
I select SDG goal2: End hunger, which seeks to promote for various countries by 2030 adequate nutrition for children and infants, food security, double agricultural output, development small-scale farmers and implement sustainable resilient agriculture practices. The selected SDG goal 2: End Hunger aims by 2030 to end all forms of malnutrition and hunger, making sure children and the population of this world has access to nutritious foods throughout the year. This entails promoting equal
also studied the increase in bank branch network (captured by average population per branch) which is having a beneficial impact on deposit and credit penetration. Although, the strength of causality weakens in case of credit penetration. The income level has a positive impact on both credit and deposit penetrations. The finding validates the importance of regional economic conditions on the betterment of financial inclusion. Further, the factory proportion and employee base are coming out to be
position to meet the credit requirements of agriculture. Hence, there arises the need for setting up special type of banks of finance agriculture. The credit requirement of the farmers are two types. Firstly the farmers require short term loans to buy seeds, fertilizers, ploughs and other inputs. Secondly, the farmers require long-term loans to purchase land, to effect permanent improvements on the land to buy equipment and to provide for irrigation works. There are two types of agriculture banks. 1. Agriculture
concepts and chain upgrading 6 2.1.1 Value Chain Concepts 6 2.1.2 Challenges in Sunflower Value Chain in Tanzania 7 2.1.3 Chain Upgrading 8 2.2 Agricultural marketing 9 2.3 Major Institutions involved in Agriculture Marketing 10 2.4 Types of producer organizations and their importance in agriculture 11 2.5 Performance of producer organizations 12 2.6 Cooperatives principles 13 Source: TFC (2006). 14 2.7 Cooperatives membership
of social groups during the Middle Ages. White expounds upon the importance of the stirrup and how this seemingly insignificant implement spurred feudalism, how new technologies in agriculture led to a surge in population, and how the advances of machine power in the lives of Medieval peoples led to urbanization. The
Schemes: 1975, was announced as International year for women. In this decade, many voluntary agencies and the Government supported symposia, conferences and workshops to explained the importance of women entrepreneurship. These conferences and workshops gave impetus to improvement of women entrepreneurs. The important topics discussed were stratus of women entrepreneurs, women and nongovernmental efforts, governmental measures to promote self employment, participation of women in rural industries
AN OVERVIEW OF THE BANKING SECTOR For the last three decades India's economic climate has several outstanding successes to its credit score. The most stunning is its comprehensive reach. It is no longer limited to only metropolitans or cosmopolitans in National Indian. In fact, National Indian economic climate has reached even to the remote corners of the nation. The first financial institution in National Indian, though traditional, was recognized in 1786. From 1786 till today, the journey of National