Food Insecurity In Ethiopia

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Food is one of the most essential and fundamental in human beings life. Day to day activities of most of the world population is in relation to fulfill the needs of daily food. Enough food in terms of quantity and quality for all people is an important factor in every dimension. But there is an imbalance of food need and access attracts worldwide attention to tackle the problems. This increase in attention is particularly noticeable after the 2007–2008 and 2010 world food price crises and the 2008 World Development Report, which called for greater investment in agriculture in developing countries (Candel, J.J.L. 2014). Agriculture remains the main source of income for the majority of the rural population of developing countries (Bassie, 2014).…show more content…
The population settlement of Ethiopia is uneven, about 85% of the total population resides in the highland zones, which only constitute 45% of the total land area of the country (Shimeles, 2013). In addition to the population pressure, the highland areas of Ethiopia are environmentally degraded and the land tenure is that of farmers fragmented landholding system resulting low productivity leads to food insecurity and vulnerability to disaster (Shimeles, 2013). Generally there are numerous causes of food insecurity. The immediate causes of food insecurity include frequently recurring droughts and erratic rainfall patterns, ecosystems degradation, rapid population growth, the low levels of technology employed in agriculture and the resulting low productivity of the sector, poor rural infrastructure and legacies of the past policy constraints are also considered as basic causes of food insecurity and widespread poverty in the country (MoARD, 2007, cited by Birara, et,al…show more content…
In order to alleviate chronically food insecurity, our country Ethiopia introduces different practical programs and projects. In 2004, the government initiated a food security strategy built around increasing the availability of food through domestic production, ensuring access to food for food deficient households, and strengthening institutional emergency response capability (Adenew, 2004 cited by Achenef et,al, 2016). These programs and projects are depends on environmental specific condition and situation in a country. Productive Safety Net Program is one program that has been conducted in Ethiopia in different phases, phase I (2005-2006), phase II (2007-2009) and phase III (2010-2014) - since its inception in 2005 and is expected to result in improvement of household living and reduced food insecurity levels (Devereux S, Sabate-Wheeler R, Tefera M, Taye H., 2006, FAO, 2015, cited by Achenef et,al,

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