Filipinos did not have access to safe and potable sources of water. Only 77% of the rural population and 90% of urban areas have access to improved water source and only 44% have a direct house connections (Israel, 2009). If that problem is left unrecognized, serious
decline in trade and decline of urban centers Scholars such as Chattopadhyaya and Herman Kulke being Marxist introduced the processural and integrative model which talked about agrarian expression, urban transformation etc. Chattopadhayaya also stated that making of early medieval India was a positive development in terms of new social phenomena. For eg: this period witnessed increased clearing and settlement of uncultivated lands, growth of nuclear rural settlements, transformation of non- state
almost 83.47 million in 2012 - also considering the spatial and demographic size of informal areas in it, it is only a slight exaggeration to say that informal settlements represent the normal situation in Egypt that can also be recognized in its capital city “Cairo”.
INTRODUCTION Poverty in India is still a major issue even in this day and age. The population of people living below the poverty line in India is the highest in the world and the problem is not going away. Since India’s independence, the subject of poverty in India has remained a major concern. According to the common definition of poverty, when a person can no longer meet the required levels to maintain specified standard of living, they are considered poor .This becomes apparent after just a short
Theories of Urban Design Roger Trancik FIGURE-GROUND THEORY I. Introduction. The figure-ground theory is founded on the study of the relative land coverage of · Solid masses à (“figure”) (buildings) to · Open voidsà (”ground”). (parks, streets, squares) A predominant “field” of solids and voids creates the urban fabric. Figure-ground theory is founded on consideration of land coverage buildings as solid mass to open voids. Naturally each environment has an existence
the administrative seats of all Brazilian municipalities are officially considered as urban, regardless of their size. Yet, this paper will mainly focus on cities with over 20,000 inhabitants. Until the 50s the majority of population shift occurred in developed countries. The industrialization process that took place in Europe and the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries attracted people from rural areas to the cities. After 1950, urbanization in these countries slowed down and started
figure’ surrounding crime statistics. This ‘dark figure’ refers to all criminal offences which are not reported to or documented by the police. (Walsh, Anthony et.al 2014) Based on this premise, it is difficult to establish any sort of correlation between demographics or even socioeconomic circumstances and criminal activity. (Landman 2012) Crime is perceived by many laymen and even scholars to be a problem which predominantly affects and emanates from lower class residential areas. This perception
One must distinguish the difference between that of voluntary and involuntary displacement as they each pose different reasons and outcomes of the displacement. One type of voluntary displacement is that of migration of individuals from rural-to-urban areas. This movement is regarded as positive, as individuals move in order to seek employment in the cities and to look for better prospects and more opportunities in the urban areas as compared to what is presented in the rural areas (why ppl move pg
and sometimes offensive to speakers accustomed to formality. It reflects Australia's identity conflicts born out of its penal history. It also reflects the strong desire of 19th century Australia to adopt Aboriginal names and words, particularly in rural Australia, which may have influenced pronunciation and other morphological aspects. History Australia pre-1770 had two major Indigenous groups – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. For more than
carried out by humans to produce those products and benefits”. (Explanation from the United Nations’ FAO water division). As of the early 1990s, about 13% of the Earth was considered arable land, 32% forests and woodland, 26% in pasture, and 1.5% urban areas. Furthermore, land suitability evaluation involves relating land mapping units to specified types of land use. The types of use considered are limited to those which has appeared to be relevant under general physical, economic and social conditions