Introduction The theory of International Political Economy is a theory that discusses the collapse of boundaries between economics and politics. It is a study of the political economy of international trade, international finance, North-South relations, multinational corporations and supremacy. The term of International Political Economy emerged during the 1970s due to the collapse of the Bretton Woods system. This failure alerted the United States of the status and the weakness of economic fundamentals
Trade and Development (UNCTAD 2009) report shows that the world‘s total merchandise trade value reached 8.02 billion tons of goods loaded, a volume increase of 4.8% over 2006. An increasing growth in world trade generally increases the demand for international shipping services (Michaelowa and Krause 2000). This has been witnessed in the container shipping industry in the past few decades. Before the economic recession began in 2008, trade growth had caused corresponding cargo container movements to
Anarchy in international relations is described as the absence of some predominant power in the international system. An anarchical world is one in which there are no pre-set laws or rules to help oversee and dictate state and non-state behavior (FM, 2016). The idea of anarchy is central to international relations. The idea of anarchy is seen differently depending on which international relations theory one advocates to. In fact, the topic of anarchy is among the central points of debate in the international
members of the Commonwealth. The founding members of the Commonwealth include the United Kingdom, Newfoundland, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State and Canada. The term ‘Commonwealth of Nations’ was first used to describe the relationships between Britain and her territories by Lord Rosebery in Australia in the year 1884. After the first world war, a definition depicting the relationship was sought. Finally, at the 1926 meeting, the following definition was agreed upon "They are autonomous
Singapore and Malaysia’s bilateral relations is not perfectly peaceful and amicable. Given our cultural and political differences since colonial rule and our close proximity geographically, clashes and tensions are unavoidable. Singapore’s independence did not come easily or smoothly, it being the outcome of political disagreements and racial clashes with Malaysia. The sheer difference in geographical size between Singapore and Malaysia has always made Singapore an easy target for Malaysia, since
springboard for the further development of the paper. Through a postcolonial analysis, it will explain the theoretical framework that will provide the argument of this dissertation. It intends to align the postcolonial critique of mainstream International Relations with the developments in U.S. foreign policy. Although analyzing U.S. foreign policy from a postcolonial perspective is not a common theme, there is relevance in using postcolonial theory for the analysis of U.S. foreign policy because it
This process haven't stopped ever since. The criteria required for a government to be called a Democracy remain blurry, but the international community considers a country a Democracy when free and fair elections with the universal suffrage are held. Democracy is an idea, an utopia that every societies seems nawadays to aim. Is there only one way to reach that goal, and does everybody
Neo-liberalism is not really new at all. It is premised on the nineteenth-century liberal belief that unregulated markets, rather than the state or public institutions, will produce all of the social or public goods we need. This Neo-liberal ideology was grounded
through which an increasingly free flow of human capital as well as infra capital, goods and services would lead the integration of a global economy and order. Neoliberalism born from its predecessor ‘Market Economy’ is the optimism encouraged by international institutions to ensure efficiency and growth. So is market
disguised by a post-colonial era that lives within our comtemporary Western society. Individuals are seen as objects and not subjects. Social groups are forced to define their identity which mark them as distinct. Multiculturalism erases social relations and forms of power and is used as a device social management of inequalities (Bannerji, 2000b). We must look critically at multiculturalism not to adopt a general position against it but to create possible strategies that can improve