Metamorphosis Marxism

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Marxist Sentiment in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis The Industrial Revolution radically revised previous methods of workforce operations. Though pivotal, the Industrial Revolution fostered abusive working conditions. As a result of these abuses, Karl Marx developed his economic and societal theory, Marxism, wherein social class is abolished and the workers retain control of the workplace to promote an equal societal structure void of government. Marxism can be found in many modern mediums despite the world remaining predominantly capitalist, such as Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, a story where the main character Gregor Samsa wakes to discover that he has the body of a large insect. The Metamorphosis subliminally articulates fundamental…show more content…
Labelling Gregor’s boss as someone who “talks down from the heights to the employees” (4), Kafka establishes a recurrent symbol wherein, in a Capitalistic society, the bourgeoisie is above the proletariat. Following his metamorphosis, Gregor is “forced to lie flat on the floor” of an “empty, high-ceiling room” and is uncomfortable staring at the expanse of the ceiling though he is not sure why (23). His confusion can be explained by the Marxist principle that Capitalism is not purely an economic system. According to Marxist theory, society is hegemonized by bourgeoisie. Essentially, the bourgeoisie not only has control of the distribution of wealth, they also have influence to sway societal values in their favor. Therefore, Capitalism not only dominates economics, but also impacts culture, politics, education, and produces the uncertainty Gregor experiences because he finds it positively normal to be sub-humanized below the bourgeoisie. Supplementarily, Gregor has difficulties walking on the floor due to the lack of space (31), representative of the difficulties presented amongst the proletariat in their societal positions and the unhappiness the proletariat harbor due to inability to indulge in material wealth, which is the symbol…show more content…
Reminiscing on his life pre-metamorphosis, Gregor comprehends that, at a time, his method of work resulted in “hard cash” (27) to support the family. However, Gregor then realizes that he has become something that his family has to “endure” (40). Gregor’s burden to his family exhibits the ineffectiveness of Capitalism and how the system is not maintainable nor humane. The connotation of “endure” (40) alludes to his family knowing that there is a more efficient way to live, but are not comfortable with the idea of “giving up… hope” (33). Furthermore, Gregor’s body literally characterizes Capitalism. At the time of his death, Gregor’s body was “flat and dry” (55) and this condition recognizable “for the first time… [because] the body was no longer raised up by his little legs” (55). Metaphorically, Gregor’s upper extremities portray the bourgeoisie while his “little legs” (55) portray the proletariat. Mainly inferring that the proletariat lays the foundation for the bourgeoisie’s wealth and power, this depiction of the “little legs” (55) exhibits that the Capitalist system is unsustainable and prone to collapse. In addition, “for the first time” (55), his family registers the depravity Gregor underwent. Because his death is symbolic of the collapse of Capitalism, his family fully reflects on the abuses of Capitalism
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