Map Making In Natural Science

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Map-making is the foundation of knowledge that is implemented to aid in navigating and comprehending the complexity of life. The map-making tool comes in the form of natural sciences and human sciences, where one’s conceptions and knowledge are extended to further develop the world. Through deductive, inductive, rational, and empirical studies, the natural sciences endeavour to examine and advance the phenomena of the physical world. Conversely, the human sciences aim to congregate information by interpreting and evaluating human behaviour for the purpose of expanding relations with other species and systems. Regardless of their differences, both sciences contribute in bridging an individual’s personal perspective with the true representation…show more content…
Prior to the Renaissance, Aristotle’s theory of motion, which was the communal consensus in Western philosophy, states that “objects only moved as long as they were pushed” (Astronomy 161), and that the push is necessary to sustain the object’s motion. However, Italian physicist Galileo Galilei, countered Aristotle’s theory by developing a fundamental principle known as Inertia, and with the aid of Isaac Newton confirmed that “every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed on it” (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). In other words, Galileo and Newton validated that a force is not always required for a being’s motion, but rather that an object’s inertia will continue its’ movement if there is no additional force in contact. Through a series of systematic experiments of setting an inclined place, with a marble placed at any height, opposing a horizontal plane, Galileo observed that when “eliminating the force of friction” the marble “will roll forever” and deduced that “without the force of friction an object in motion will always stay in motion” (Heeston.edu). The paradigm of inertia clarified, explored, and reshaped society’s perspective on the kinetics of physical objects and systems, which formed the foundation of mechanics and…show more content…
In 1961, psychologist Stanley Milgram conducted the Milgram Experiment which focused on “the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience” (Simply Psychology). Creating a fake electric shock generator with voltage levels of 15 to 450 volts, volunteers, who were unaware of the hoax, were instructed by a scientist to inflict shocks of increasing strength to “learners” when incorrectly answering a simple memory test. The scientist insisted for the test to proceed “whenever the participant hesitated to administer a shock” (Richard van de Lagemaat, 269), and with 65% of volunteers continuing the “torture” Milgram deduced the innate behaviour for humans to obey authority figures. Nonetheless, according to Australian Psychologist Gina Perry, the standard story of the “Milgram obedience experiments lost details in the re-telling” and has been “edited and simplified” (Gina Perry). Subsequent to a scrutinization of the experiment, Perry asserted that Milgram’s results were manipulated and that some volunteers regarded the whole test as a reality TV show, which rationalizes the participant’s continuation of imposing shocks. Milgram merely presumed his proposal based on the large ratio of compliance, yet did not consider the variant factors
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