century, several social scientists engaged in the debate on Japanese miraculous growth. Some of them, for example, Chalmers Johnson, argued that the miracle was a result of a development state that was guided by competent bureaucratic officers. This essay aims to investigate the formation of a modern state in Japan during the end of Tokugawa bakufu to the outset of the Second World War. The investigation based on Andrew Gordon’s “A Modern History of Japan” (2002). During the unification under the Tokugawa
a range of historiographical debate on its validity and usefulness when used to explain British expansion in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. This essay acknowledges both sides of the argument, but will state that despite some historiographical debate on the contrary, the concept of ‘informal empire’ possesses more strengths than weaknesses when understanding British imperialism. This essay will disregard Platt and Lynn’s argument that Britain didn’t actually want an ‘informal empire’
CHAPTER - I INTRODUCTION “History has come to a stage when the moral man, the complete man, is more and more giving way, almost without knowing it, to make room for the commercial man, the man of limited purpose. This process aided by the wonderful progress in science, is assuming gigantic proportion and power causing the upset of man’s moral balance, obscuring his human side under the shadow of soul-less organization.”- Rabindranath Tagore, Nationalism, 1917. Aristotle felt that the purpose of