The previous decade has seen an expanding enthusiasm towards “Strategic Management” of organizations. Various vital models of strategic management has been proposed such as Porter’s 1980, Miles and Snow 1978 and so forth. This enthusiasm towards strategic management has brought about different organizational functions becoming more concerned with their part in management process. The human resource management field has comparably tried to accommodate into strategic management process through the
explore it, a lot of researchers have come up with different theories in learning. So in connection to that, I have examined three perspectives of learning in the scholarly articles written by Wenger (2000), Engestrom (2001) and Zimmerman (2000). This essay begins with a brief description of the three articles about learning. To start with, let me describe the work of Wenger (2000) who developed the concept of community of practice and systems of learning by which learning takes place
Chapter Two: Literature review Introduction English as a second or foreign language has gained much attention during the past decades in almost every country. In Iran English is taught as a foreign language in high-schools as well as in universities (Mirdehghan, HoseiniKargar, Navab, & Mahmoodi, 2011). Aside from different language courses presented in different levels of public academic centers, there are also private institutes that teach different levels of foreign language