Analyze the effects of the oil economy on Nigerian refugees Carmen Miller Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country, and when oil was discovered in the Niger Delta in 1958, Shell oil began production (Crude Politics). With an average output of 2.5 million barrels per day (Donatus), Nigeria has become the highest producer of crude oil in Africa and the third-highest in the world (World Factbook). Nigeria’s population growing rapidly, and is projected to reach 392 million people by 2050 (Falola),
dominant source of revenue, crude oil with oil revenue as the main stay of the Nigerian economy, volatility in the price of oil are to a large extent of prime interest to economist. According to Adeniyi et al (2004), exchange rate appreciate in response to rising oil prices and depreciates in response to falling oil prices in oil producing exporting countries while the reverse is the case in oil importing countries. therefore, the impact (positive or negative) which oil price could have on exchange
dominant source of revenue, crude oil with oil revenue as the main stay of the Nigerian economy, volatility in the price of oil are to a large extent of prime interest to economist. According to Adeniyi et al (2004), exchange rate appreciate in response to rising oil prices and depreciates in response to falling oil prices in oil producing exporting countries while the reverse is the case in oil importing countries. therefore, the impact (positive or negative) which oil price could have on exchange
components of an environment (Fatuyi et.al.,2011; Aboriba, 2001). One of the problems is the oil spillage pollution. Environment pollution due to oil spill is one of the frequent problem happened in country that has petroleum source like Malaysia, Nigeria and Iraq. According to Fatuyi et.al and Okpokwasili (2011,1996) the petroleum or crude oil that accidentally discharge or flow into the environment lead to oil spillage pollution. This spill has caused most significant pollutant in the environment as
1.0 Introduction Economic shock on Malaysian export can describe as a badminton competition between Dato’ Lee Chong Wei and Lin Dan, their relationship can be either positive or negative which is depends on their position whether they are involve in a competition or beyond the competition. In a single match of badminton competition, each smash is like a “shock” for other side even though they could predict it, but each “shock” is a test or challenge to the player whether the player able to handle
accident that led to an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and the southern coast of the United States, as well as the loss of lifes. This spill continued for three long months. This oil leak has damaged and had continuous negative effects on the coastal environment and BP’s reputation. The explosion of the Deepwater Horizon, an oil drilling platform, on April 20, 2010 took the lives of eleven workers, injured seventeen others and leaked close to five million barrels of crude oil into the ocean (Exercise:
important limiting factor. During oil spillage in oceans, the concentrations of carbon significantly increases thus the presence of phosphorus and nitrogen is very important for the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons. For example, in seawater, the concentrations of both nitrogen and phosphorus are very low which requires the addition of these nutrients to facilitate the biodegradation process. However, a very high concentrations of nutrients can lead to negative effects because it may hinder the biodegradation
1.6.1 Anti-adhesive properties Biofilms are of great attention in many industries such as medical and food because bacteria colonize medical devices and food processing surfaces by changing their properties (Zeraik and Nitschke, 2010). One of the very important applications of bio-surfactants is their role as anti-adhesive agents to pathogens, making them useful for treating many diseases and as therapeutic and probiotic agents. Bio-surfactants not only prevent adhesion of bacteria to the surfaces
Its structure is easily found, just imagine a chain. The chain having many links connected together. The same ways as the atoms of Polymer are bonded together as shown in the picture here. Monomers are small unsaturated molecules produced by crude oil cracking. They have carbon to carbon double covalent bonds and different monomers are used to make different plastics. The meekest monomer to make polymer is ethene.
From the early 1970’s, the economy of Nigeria to an oil based economy. There was the oil boom from 1973 – 1978 and the economy of Nigeria prospered. The impact of finding of oil overtook every of Nigeria, especially these in power. The government of the day focused more to the positive side than the negative, and the devastating impact of such an action is still being felt. Therefore, oil pollution is another area that could be considered dangerous to health, even though