Applied Behaviour Analysis Essay

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Applied behaviour analysis, better known as ABA, is one of the most common and most evidence-based methods used to treat autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It is an approach based firstly on Skinner’s work, the father of ‘behaviourism’. It was further developed by Lovaas, as a science-based strategy for educating children with serious behavioural and cognitive disorders from autism. Despite the endless controversy, there are countless scholarly texts and scientific journals that have been written about ABA, indicating that ABA is an “effective means of intervention for adults and children with pervasive developmental disorders” (Morris, 2007), and is widely used all over the world (Schoen, 2003; Kearney, 2008). Focusing upon “increasing appropriate behaviours and decreasing inappropriate behaviours” (Schoen, 2003, p. 126), ABA generally involves intensive training of the therapists, extensive time spent in ABA therapy (20-40 hours per week) and weekly supervision by experienced clinical supervisors known as a certified behaviour analyst. Yet, there is no one program that is ABA. Programs instead are customised to each child, based on his or her abilities, skills, interests and needs. Each program, however, should always begin with an assessment, collecting data, or an observation of current…show more content…
‘ABC’ stands for the three building blocks which ABA is based upon, the building blocks that Skinner referred to as the “contingencies of reinforcement” (Kearney, 2008, p. 10). Letter A refers to ‘antecedent’, a directive or request for the child to perform an action. Letter B is a ‘behaviour’ or response from the child. Finally, letter C refers to a ‘consequence’ defined as the reaction from the therapist, which can range from strong positive reinforcement (i.e. a special treat or verbal praise) to a strong negative responds (i.e. “No!”) (Bailey, 2013; Morris, 2007; Kearney,

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