societies today? Is racism really a part of our history? Kitty Calavita in her book Immigrants at the Margins: Law, Race and Exclusion in Southern Europe show us how racism is still embedded in our societies today. Furthermore, Calavita talks about criminalization through racial profiling, a current issue that is very relevant today in the United States. Through her research on how immigration laws create barriers for inclusion of immigrants in Spain and Italy, we learn about the social constructions of
sexual relations especially for money. According to the Sumerian list of profession, prostitution is regarded as one of the oldest profession since 2400 B.C. However, the idea of selling human being ethically controversial and questions about criminalization, decriminalization and regulation of prostitution are widely debated. Some people accept prostitution since it is freedom of one’s personal choice while the others against it because prostitution is the immoral of human ethics. So, between those
on victim blaming. Two main concepts they named was again female machoism and female provocation. This area of research was important to criminology because Dobash et el stated that these two concepts could be women resisting domestic violence and abuse, but take away the feminist lens and the concepts are driving forces for victim blaming, which can have detrimental effects (Houston,
another person decides for her, she is dependent on that person, and her sovereignty is compromised. I will explain why violations of equal freedom, rather than harm, provide the legitimate basis for criminalization”. (Ripstein, p. 69- 70). Basically, what provides the sincere basis for criminalization, Ripstein argues, is not harm, but of sovereignty; and
Criminology A. Criminology is the study of crime and criminal behavior, mainly concentrates on the forms of criminal behavior, the causation and definition of criminality, and the type of reaction society has in relation to such criminal activity. It is concerned with the “analysis of the phenomena of crime and criminality, performing scientifically accurate studies, and developing sound theoretical explanations of crime and criminal behavior (1)” a. Crime is defined as the act or omission of an act
February 1st as “National Freedom Day”. In the past fifteen years, more than one hundred countries have passed anti-trafficking laws: several have set up specialized law enforcement units, set up trafficking victim assistance mechanisms, and launched public awareness campaigns aimed at fighting this crime (Johnstone,
people feel disgust toward a certain act or object, it is automatically felt compelling to condemn that act, and hence making it illegal. If such an act is committed by anyone, s/he is punished in a way so that s/he feels ashamed to have committed that crime. For instance, homosexuality in India is punishable by law under Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code. Most support for the upholding of this law comes from religious communities who feel that homosexuality is unnatural, against our culture and against
with a hare-brained idea like marital rape! God help us.” In many parts of the world a woman claiming that she was raped by her husband is akin to someone claiming they were speeding on a Vespa; there is no way in that particular instance for the crime to occur. The debate surrounding marital rape has been ongoing for centuries and is particularly controversial because traditionally, marriage has been viewed as a respectable institution that by default includes consensual intercourse. How then now
muslims for example are victims of racial profiling in America According to official statistics, during the decade following 9/11 the US saw a 150 percent rise in workplace discrimination against Muslims (Racial Profiling.). The percentage of reported hate crimes targeting Muslims increased exponentially during the 2000-2009 period (Racial Profiling.). Racial profiling also causes psychological
Limits of Personal Responsibility Oakland, California: University of California Press. 2014. The main synopsis of the book is the documentation of former female inmates that were victims of sexual abuse, violent communities, ineffective social and therapeutic programs, discriminatory local and federal policies, criminalization, and incarceration. Within this source, explains the relationships between police officers and civilians, along with correctional officers along with prison inmates. Within the