In the criminal justice field research and proper collection of data plays an enormous role. M.U.S.E defines research as a process of investigation, examination of a subject from different points of view (M.U.S.E, 2017). Using the proper research method helps determine how well criminology and criminal justice study crime ( E.Fritsch., C. Trulson., A. Blackburn, 2014). Researchers use well known methods to achieve answer to their question. Their methods and observation is easily done in way
The criminal justice landscape is responsible for upholding law and order by convicting criminals whilst ensuring that a fair trial is held (Wilson:2004:22), regardless of the status of the accused, provided there is sufficient evidence to convict. In this essay, it will be discussed as to whether the criminal justice system needs an effective balance between the two models that constitute it, to reach a utilitarian conclusion, based on the optimum level of punishment and rehabilitation. To do this
U.P.E.S College of Legal Studies Academic Year: 2014-15 Session: July-December Concept of Fair Trial: A Comparative Study with USA and UK Law of Crimes 2 Project Contents Introduction 3 Introduction The right to a fair trial is a norm of international human rights law and also adopted by many countries in their procedural law. It is designed to protect individuals from the unlawful and arbitrary curtailment or deprivation of their basic rights and freedoms, the most prominent of
defendants’ race or ethnicity, directly contribute to prosecution and sentencing, the City University of New York conducted a study. As with other studies, the outcome of their research found similar results to that of the aforementioned studies. Using the data from the New York County District Attorney’s Office, which kept records of 185,275 diverse criminal cases, the study assessed racial and ethnic disparities for discretions in prosecution and sentencing. Findings from this analysis determined
INQUISITORIAL ELEMENTS IN INDIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM While the adversarial system requires the magistrate to remain an observer of the trial, it does not absolve him of his duty to provide assistance to the process of the trial. At stages within the decision making process, the Magistrate assists the case towards justice, some notable examples of which are as follows: • Sections 228 and 240 of the Code suggest that charge against the accused is to be framed by the Court and not the Prosecution
ST. THOMAS UNIVERSITY APPLIED RESEARCH METHOD Prof. Z. Mushipe Final Project Sentencing Disparities Eunice T. Cooper Introduction In September 2012, the U.S. Department of Justice—Federal Bureau of Investigation released the 2011 Uniform Crime Report. The Uniform Crime Report provides statistics and information about crime in our nation. The report indicated that nationwide, law enforcement made an estimated 12,408,899 arrests in 2011. Of these arrests, 534,704 were for violent crimes, and
Every criminal offence leads to the production of victims, who generally act as a mere information holder or witnesses who create a pathway and helps the courts and state to punish the offenders under a criminal trial. The main intent of the criminal judiciary system is to provide redressal to the victims and solution to the issues which concerns them the most. But however the history is quite evident that the redressal of victimization of these victims or any kind of support required by the victims
racial segregation in our national criminal justice system, the specific indictment of ladies, immigrants, and minorities, African-Americans specifically. The American criminal justice system must perceive that the racial disparities have harmed the society. Specifically, African-Americans are excessively focused on, captured, arraigned, and sentenced to long obligatory jail terms and execution. The American criminal justice system has been an in number request of justice since our forefathers made it
brought a negative perception against males involved in violent relationships as being the dominant aggressor and the more capable of the two of inflicting injury or harm to their female partners. However, studies have found that men are also victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). Several studies have been performed using sources such as the National Violence against Women Survey (NVAWS), the Conflict Tactics Scale (CT) and the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS), to
The CSI effect is common among jurors and other people because they assume everything they see on TV shows is what really happens in real life cases. The juries who believe in this misconception can cause a problem in the courtroom because they would question why everything isn’t being subject to forensic analysis. Also, some jurors may believe that forensic science is a perfect science that's always accurate, however they are ignoring the possibility of human or technical error. In the movie “The