Rationale The academic community of International Relations (IR) has been focused on issues like sovereignty, security, state behavior, balance of power and others in their study of the international system and international relations. A historical context should be considered that IR theories which are state-centric and whose concerns were previously mentioned were established during the period when wars dominated the international stage. In this day and age, there are various global issues
explores are controversial in nature. WTO or The World Trade Organisation has been organised in 1994 and is a successor of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)[1]. By today the organisation controls about 97% of world trade, having 164 members all around the world[2]. Such a supervision of almost all trade in the world makes it hard to avoid any contact with the organisation for a country that is globalised and is present in the international market. Russian had two options, become a member
of globalization are as wide as it can be interpreted in any circumstances we are having today, in any concept of aspects, such as economy, trade, development, culture, and so one. Globalization refers to a full accessibility that every country can be interconnected to an extent which cannot be experienced before. This implicates that countries can freely trade, exchange their opinions, shorten the distance and tear down the barriers which was impeded the free flow of trading and exchanging. All these
theories of international relations, including their variants, such as structural realism and neoliberal institutionalism , have different approaches to the concept of cooperation. Each initially considers the possibility for cooperation between states, and then assigns different meanings to states, institutions, and individuals within the frame of cooperation. Before defining the concept of cooperation, it is worthwhile to briefly highlight the basic assumptions of liberal international relations
economic factors cannot be ignored longer for studying the international politics. All important international agendas from international security to development and climate change have an explicit or implicit economic dimensions. The political and economic future of nations can no longer be discussed in isolation and the status of every nation in the web of economic exchanges and political dealings must also be given due weightage. .International Political Economy (IPE) is a social science that attempts
International relations as a separate field in politics is based on core ideas of realists and liberalists. Although there is a clear division between two ideologies, current international affairs of many countries push the boundaries of such ideas and modify. Fathers of classical realism theory Thucydides, H. Morgenthau and E. Carr believe that nations act due to their selfish interests and concerns, their desire to dominate in the world is rational and natural. Whereas Kant and Hobbes, founders
Introduction International trade affects the economic interests of certain groups and countries, the interests of which are intertwined in a complex manner and thus come into conflict with each other. That necessitates a focused state influence on trade relations with other countries through tariffs and non-tariff regulation. The state aims to create the most favorable conditions for the development of the national economy. Free international trade is a source of growth of the nation's welfare
Realism has been a major player in international politics. Unlike liberalism, realism stresses the fact that nation states are concerned with their own security and their own interests. Liberalism was founded on the idea of equality. Relativists tend to neglect ethical decision making in regards to conflicts among other states. Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Hobbes are the true founders of the realism theory. The evolutions of realism began with Thucydides and his theories for the Peloponnesian War
In the age of economic globalization, conflict is no longer an automatic synonym of a shooting war, on the contrary it can embody many forms. In the case of the Sino-Indian relations the most dangerous potential flashpoint, is Trade in the Indian Ocean. The Indian Ocean has trade routes that connect Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia with the rest of the Asian continent, and Europe. Both, China and India aspire to become the regional economic hegemonies, however, their interests are overlapping
problems has increased demand for global governance that has led further to forms of rule-making and regulating and setting up regional and international bodies like G20, G8 and other international organizations responsible for specific problems like climate change and human rights. Bretton Woods Conference in 1945 outcome was creation of the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and GATT later it became known as ITO, these institutions ‘emerged out of a situation of extreme inequalities in economic