Bioremediation In Waste Management

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Introduction Bioremediation is a technique of waste management which is the process of removing or neutralizing pollutants form a contaminated area or site by using organisms. Bioremediation defined as “treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or nontoxic substances” by EPA. Technologies used in bioremediation can be divided into two categories: ex situ and in situ. 1. Ex situ Bioremediation; Removal of the contaminated material by using waste treating techniques in a place other than the site of pollution. 2. In situ Bioremediation: Removal of the contaminated material by using waste treating techniques in the site of pollution. Mycoremediation is the technique which use the fungal…show more content…
This Kingdom has enormous diversity. It consists with unicellular organisms; yeasts to multicellular organisms; mushrooms. Organisms belongs to this kingdom exhibit both plant and animal characteristics such as having a cell wall as plants (made with chitin) and heterotrophic in nature like…show more content…
White-rot fungi degrade lignin in wood. Wood consist approximately 30% of lignin. White-rot fungi secretes extracellular oxidative enzymes and degrade lignin and carbohydrate minerals completely into CO2 and H2O. but they do not use lignin as their carbon sourse for growth. After degredation wood gets a bleached appearance, with a spongy, stringy, or laminated structure. That is why these fungi are known as white-rot fungi. These white-rot fungi species belongs to phylum Basidiomycota. White-rot fungi commonly used to detoxify various aromatic pollutants and xenobiotics found in contaminated soil or lands. Ligninolytic enzymes which these fungi secretes are nonspecific, non-stereoselectiv. So those can be used to degrade wide range of aromatic compounds. It is known that these fungi can degrade compounds such as PAHs, PCBs, nitroaromatics, pesticides, herbicides, dyes and

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