ivory–towered thinkers, who are in opposition to the status quo. They are courageous, angry, and able to speak the truth to power. Benda thus maintains that governments should draw upon these intellectuals “not to lead, but to consolidate the government’s policy, to spew out propaganda against official enemies, euphemisms and, on a larger scale, whole systems […], which could disguise the truth of what was occurring in the name of institutional ‘expedience’ or ‘national honor’’ (Representations 6). In