Swine Manure Case Study

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The use of waste materials such as swine manure has been an emerging solution to the controversial food-versus-fuel debate. Several studies have been conducted in order to utilize swine manure as a renewable energy source for oil production. Appel and his team (as cited in Aziz, Rahman, Hainin & Bakar, 2015) have successfully converted swine manure to oil using the thermochemical liquefaction in which the condition of it is at 380°C and 40 MPa pressure (around 400 atm) in the absence of oxygen can produce a 50 percent efficiency. On the other hand, Vardon et al. (2011) conducted another research in which they used hydrothermal liquefaction wherein the conditions were 300°C, 10-12 MPa and 30-min reaction time. They effectively converted the…show more content…
With the vast amount of fecal matter generated throughout the hog industry, this would suffice a constant supply of resources for bio-oil replacing about one million tons of oil equivalent of petroleum-based fuel per year (Jeong, Choi & Kim, 2014). Thus helping the mitigation of the adverse effects of the exposure of swine manure into the environment. Environmental Impact With the popularity of backyard pig production in the Philippines, 80 percent of the backyard and commercial farms dispose of their wastes in nearby creeks and rivers, which result to several environmental problems like river death and water contamination as well as other health problems, which is linked to the exposure of odors, generated from the waste of animals (Gervacio & Garforth, 2012). Alongside with the opportunities brought about by the livestock industry is the release of about 2.2 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per year. In addition to this, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (as cited in Mojares. 2015) stressed out that the pig industry makes the second largest source of greenhouse gas

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