Soul Theory Analysis Paper

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Personal Identity: Soul Theory Analysis In “A dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality”, John Perry narrates a conversation between a dying philosophy professor named Gretchen Weirob and her friend, Sam Miller, in order to present contrasting views on personal identity: memory theory, body theory, soul theory, and brain theory. Although the soul theory does capture intuitive data, I will suggest that this theory, as propounded, is incomplete. In this paper, I argue that the soul theory is flawed because a person’s soul cannot survive outside of their body, and two different bodies cannot obtain identical souls. The soul theory defeats the makeup of humanity; a human being is made up of one harmonious body and one harmonious mind. Body…show more content…
Sam Miller starts off with saying that the soul is what defines a person. Miller proposes that two people can only be the same if they have the same soul. She refers to this as the “Soul View” of personal identity. The soul theory can be described using this formula: Pn at Tn and Pn+1 at Tn+1 are identical if and only if they have the same soul, even if they do not have the same body. In believing this theory, one must have hope that life after death is possible, and once your body dies, your soul survives. The philosophical basis of this view follows the Cartesian mind-body dualism. The Cartesian theory states that personal identity consists in the identity of a nonmaterial substance. Cartesian dualism expresses the metaphysical properties of body and soul. The soul is immaterial, indivisible and immortal. The body is material, divisible, and perishable. This reflects Miller’s soul theory: the body is perishable, therefore once it dies, the immortal soul lives…show more content…
Not only can the same soul not belong to two different bodies, but it cannot be determined that two bodies have identical souls. This is due to the fact that a soul is not tangible, souls are not observable, and one cannot verify the correlation between a body and it’s soul. In other words, one cannot be certain that one is confronting, or seeing, the same soul or person. In this dialogue, Gretchen Weirob argues against Sam Miller’s soul view in saying that once one dies, they cease to exist. I agree with this because I believe that once a person has died, their body and soul have died as well. I believe that a person is who they are based on their identity of soul and their identity of body. Without one of these identities, one cannot survive as themself. Even though Weirob does propose this rational statement, I do not agree with her view on personal identity. Weirob believes that two people are identical only if they have the same body. Just as the soul theory is irrational, so is Weirob’s body theory in my opinion. In a similar article, Derek Parfit touches upon similar aspects of personal identity that mirror my thoughts on this matter. In his article, a man named Wiggins imagines that in an operation, his brain is divided and each half is put into a new body. The three possibilities of survival are (1) he does not survive, (2) he survives as one of the two people, or (3) he survives as both. Parfit
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