Serum Ldl Lab Report

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Serum LDL Most of the circulating cholesterol is found in three major lipoprotein fractions: very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), LDL and HDL. [Total chol] = [VLDL-chol] + [LDL-chol] + [HDL-chol]. LDL-cholesterol is calculated from measured values of total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol according to the relationship: [LDL-chol] = [total chol] - [HDL-chol] - [TG]/5 Where [TG]/5 is an estimate ofVLDL-cholesterol and all values are expressed in mg/dL. ALT & AST ALT and AST were measured by colorimetric end-point method. Transamination is the process in which an amino group is transferred from amino acid to an α-keto acid. The enzymes responsible for transamination are called transaminases.The substrates in the reaction are…show more content…
When a solution of an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride is sprayed into the flame, the elements in the compound are partly converted into the atomic state. Due to the heat energy of the flame a very small proportion of these atoms is excited and the electrons move to a higher energy level. The proportion of the atoms that are excited depends upon the concentration of the particular element and on the temperature of the flame. In the excited state the electrons are unstable and they rapidly revert back to their former lower energy level. As they change from the excited state or higher energy level back to the lower energy level, they emit the light in the form of a fixed wavelength, to produce a spectrum. Under carefully controlled conditions the amount of light emitted is directly proportional to the number of atoms that are excited, which in turn is proportional to the concentration of the substance in the sample (red at 589-590 millimicrons for sodium, greenish yellow at 766-770 millimicrons for…show more content…
Protein interference is eliminated using sodium lauryl sulphate. A second absorbance reading after acidifying with 30% acetic acid corrects for non-specific chromogens in the samples. Reagents included reagent A (sodium hydroxide, trisodium phosphate, and sodium tetraborate), reagent B (sodium lauryl sulfate) and reagent C (picric acid). All kits were obtained from Bioo Scientific NEXTfles.TM (USA). 2.2.2 DNA extraction Guanidine chloride method Nucleated blood cells were used to prepare genomic DNA. RBCS were first lysed, and the WBCs were pelleted in a low speed centrifuge. The nuclei were re-suspended in a small volume and lysed with SDS and proteinase K. Phenol and chlorophorm extractions followed to remove most of the non-nucleic acid organic molecules. The DNA was precipitated out of solution with ethanol, washed with 70% ethanol, and re-suspended in dH2O or TE buffer. Materials - RBCs lysis buffer (1 mM NH4HCO3, 115 mM NH4CL). - Lysis buffer (10 mM Tris-HCL, 400 mM NaCl, 2 mM Na2EDTA). - 6M guanidine chloride, 7.5 M ammonium acetate. - Proteinase K 10 mg/ml. - Chloroform pre-chilled, stored at -20 0C. - Ethanol absolute and 70%. - TE buffer, 10 mM Tris-HCL, 1mM EDTA (pH
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