Dyspraxia Ireland (2016) provide an in-depth definition of dyspraxia: a common disorder affecting fine and/or gross motor coordination in children and adults. This condition is formally recognised by international organisations including the World Health Organisation. DCD is distinct from other motor disorders such as cerebral palsy and stroke. The range of intellectual ability is in line with the general population. Individuals may vary in how their difficulties present; these may change over time depending on environmental demands and life experience, and will persist into adulthood.
Children may present with difficulties with self-care, writing, typing, riding a bike and play as well as other educational and recreational activities. Many…show more content… He worked as a psychologist at Binet’s laboratory. He was interested in children’s incorrect responses: children’s errors = insight into process of acquiring knowledge. Piaget viewed learning as a construction.
The Encyclopedia of Children’s Health (2017) explains the fundamentals of Piaget’s theory:
“Piaget's theory, first published in 1952, grew out of decades of extensive observation of children, including his own, in their natural environments as opposed to the laboratory experiments of the behaviorists. Although Piaget was interested in how children reacted to their environment, he proposed a more active role for them than that suggested by learning theory. He envisioned a child's knowledge as composed of schemas, basic units of knowledge used to organize past experiences and serve as a basis for understanding new ones.”
He proposed four stages of cognitive development.
“At the center of Piaget's theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of four distinct, universal stages, each characterized by increasingly sophisticated and abstract levels of thought. These stages always occur in the same order, and each build on what was learned in the previous stage.” The Encyclopedia of Children’s Health (2017). They are as…show more content… These two processes are called assimilation and accommodation. According to The Encyclopedia of Children’s Health (2017) assimilation is the process of taking in new information by incorporating it into an already existing schema. Accommodation involves interpreting the experience by changing and existing schema to incorporate the experience or knowledge. The Encyclopedia of Children’s Health (2017) states that “according to Piaget, cognitive development involves an ongoing attempt to achieve a balance between assimilation and accommodation that he termed equilibration.” According to McLeod (2015)
Equilibrium occurs when a child's schemas can deal with most new information through assimilation. However, an unpleasant state of disequilibrium occurs when new information cannot be fitted into existing schemas (assimilation).
Equilibration is the force which drives the learning process as we do not like to be frustrated and will seek to restore balance by mastering the new challenge (accommodation). Once the new information is acquired the process of assimilation with the new schema will continue until the next time we need to make an adjustment to