Paper Chromatography Lab

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Norah Albaiz CHMY143-016 Katie Link Lab Partner: Kayla Patterson Polarity The Basis for Paper Chromatography Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to examine how chromatography can be used to separate chemical mixtures. The way chromatography works is by using the movement of a solvent to make the contents of the mixture shift differently from a starting point on the filter paper. The result of the separating is a chromatographically pure substance is. There are always two phases in chromatography, the mobile phase and a stationary phase. The phase that is stable and doesn’t move is known as the stationary, which is strip of filter paper in this experiment. While the phase that does move is the mobile phase, which is the solvent in…show more content…
Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow tube without help and it is caused by the relationship between contacting surfaces of a liquid and a solid that twists the liquid surface. [1] Polarity is considered a physical property, and it relates to other physical properties like melting and boiling points, solubility, and intermolecular interactions between molecules. [2] As the polarity of the solvent increases, all the contents of the mixture will travel faster during the chromatography experiment, whereas the contents will travel slower as the polarity of the solvent decreases. The retention factors (Rf) is a way to measure the amount that each content of a mixture…show more content…
You can tell by the water’s ability to move the food coloring and expand the dots. After observing the pieces of paper it was decided that 0.1 g NaCl in 10 mL of DI was the best solvent, due to that it separated the colors best. Unknown A was determined to be yellow + green, because it yielded blue, green, and yellow dots. Unknown B was determined to be red + blue, because it yielded a blue dot and a red dot. The red food coloring was the only one that only yielded one dot in all of the 4 solvents used. Conclusion/Discussion: The purpose of this experiment is to examine how chromatography can be used to separate chemical mixtures. The way chromatography works is by using the movement of a solvent to make the contents of the mixture shift differently from a starting point on the filter paper. The results were expected. A possible source of error could be inaccurate measurements of the distances. Another source of error is that the beaker wasn’t sealed well with plastic wrap. However, a way of improving the experiment could be using a longer test tube, and a longer strip of filter paper. This would have changed the ratios, and could helps us identify any other color that may have been present, but were not detected because of how short

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