Kudo feels very guilty about the loss of innocent civilian lives: “I know that our decision was right and, given the outcome, that it was also wrong” (page 3, line 39-40). He’s conflicted, but he also knows that the unfortunate loss of civilian lives is inevitable in war. This makes him question his morality, and also makes him question society’s ability to distinguish between right and wrong or good and bad behaviour: “Back at the United States, I look back at people and think: “you have no idea what right and wrong are”. Much that I once held as matters of conscience is now just custom or culture” (page 2, line 61-62). He believes that everyone is responsible for war – it’s not just the man who pulls the trigger: “I never pulled the trigger…show more content… Rather than dividing the two conditions or recognizing them as two different conditions, Brooks places moral injury in relation to PTSD. Besides the fear and anxiety which are typical symptoms of PTSD, some also experience guilt and shame which are now associated with moral injury. “more people have come to understand PTSD is also about exile – moral exile”. War has made moral principles irrelevant for soldiers. This is moral exile. They can’t distinguish between right and wrong. Kudo does the same thing in his article when he questions his and society’s moral principles. Brook’s article focuses on self-forgiveness and therapy as a solution to the extreme self-guilt soldiers can experience when returning from war, while Kudo is very critical of war and offers no solution to moral injuries caused by