Micro-Grid Advantages And Disadvantages

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Introduction A MICRO-GRID consists of distributed generators (DGs), energy storage systems and loads, which may operate in both grid connected or islanded mode and usually confined to a small area [1], [2]. Some DGs are connected to the micro-grid through a power electronic interface called converters. The main role of these converters is to control the power input to the system. Also, with proper control strategies, the power quality problems such as voltage harmonics can be rectified [3]. With proper controlling, micro-grids can meet the power demands of isolated areas, a small community and also can be used to increase the reliability of power supply by connecting it to the grid [4], [5]. There are lots of technical challenges in the control,…show more content…
The distributed energy resources (DER) must be able to supply the real and reactive power requirements during islanded operation. An additional benefit of micro-grid to the power company is that it can provide dispatchable power for use during the peak power conditions and reduces the need for distribution system upgrades [7], [8]. The variability of load results in voltage instability. Significant penetration of distributed generators can also result in the voltage variations if proper planning is not done in designing the micro-grid. The power produced by the distributed energy resources can be controlled to reduce the voltage variation. Reactive power flow control is also effective. Fast response is needed to ensure good quality power to the…show more content…
The constants in the equation are P_(DG-max-j+1) the desired capacity to be installed in the node j+1, P_(LOAD-i) the active load at node i, P_(DG-i ) the rated active power of the DG systems already installed along the line, P_(LOSS-i,i+1 ) the losses between nodes i and i+1, U_(j+1 ) is the voltage of the node j+1, ∆U_(j,j+1 ) is the difference of the voltage between the successive nodes j and j+1, L_(j,j+1 ) is the distance between the successive nodes j and j+1, X’, R’ are the reactance and resistance of the LV line per meter. The variables are Q_(LOAD-i ) the reactive power of the load and FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) element at node i, Q_(DG-i ) is the reactive power of the DG and FACTS at node i in case the combination is in a power factor other than one.

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