This chapter focuses on broad review of various literature and models on the research topic. The researcher consulted books, articles, and journals from EBSCO library, search engines and other relevant sources. These materials provide an insightful depth in the study thereby demonstrating the efficacy of developing an effective performance appraisal strategy as a tool for enhancing employee motivation. Key words: Performance Appraisal, Motivation, performance management, human resource management
LSM The impact of intellectual property rights on preserving the competitive advantage. A case study of Apple Inc’s iPhones . Word Count: 14,014 Abstract The world today has rapidly developed into a services industry where knowledge is power. Knowledge provides means of acquiring newer technologies which then businesses can then use to create new products. In this context, IPRs become a valuable asset that firms can use strategically to lessen or prevent competition. IPRs are basically
innovative firms has positive externalities on the economy, so it makes sense for governments to promote an active venture capital market. However, there is an argument for supporting the venture capital markets starting from standard macroeconomic theory: capital and labor should be available to produce output. How capital and labor are combined is central to how much output is produced. To increase the output with given inputs, productivity needs to increase through innovations. Innovations are often