Human Ambiguity In Hamlet

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At the crux of Shakespeare’s metaphysical revenge tragedy Hamlet lies the dynamic exploration of human nature and mortality, supplemented by masterful manipulations of dramatic and literary elements that embed within the play, ambiguity in both meaning and purpose. It is principally Shakespeare’s ingenious use and control of language, content, and construction that rectifies his unique confrontation of universal thematic concerns such as corruption and delay, which propels the play towards what I believe, is its irresolution. The coalescence of characterisation, symbolism, and Hamlet’s moral afflictions act as Shakespeare’s vessel for his insightful perception on the intricacies of the human condition, thus, imbuing Hamlet with a rich textual…show more content…
Horatio’s foreshadowing, “this bodes some strange eruption to our state” combines with Claudius’s dramatic characterisation as the Machiavellian villain to empower Marcellus’s synecdoche that “something is rotten in the state of Denmark.” Such dramatic manipulations allude to the corruption infecting Denmark’s socio-politics, reinforced by the natural imagery of Hamlet’s description of Denmark as “an unweeded garden; that grows to seed things rank and gross in nature.” It is both this corruption and the expectations of Renaissance society that Hamlet must battle in order to restore moral justice to such a “weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable” world. His arsenal consists of an “antic disposition” and an impassioned faith accentuated through simile that he “with wings as swift as meditation… may sweep to [his] revenge.” His rivalry with Claudius is symbolic of his rivalry with a corrupted Great Chain of Being, furthered by the allegory of the war between Denmark and Norway. His victory is exemplified by Fortinbras who orders “four captains” to “bear Hamlet like a soldier to the stage”, the “stage” being a metaphor for the world, given meaning through an intertextual reference to a dramatic soliloquy in As You Like It. The symbolic simile of Hamlet “like a soldier” embodies him with the timeless themes of…show more content…
I perceive that it is sourced from his intellectual, moral affliction; the socially expected filial loyalty clashing against the immorality of achieving it through revenge and murder. Such antithesis compels him to reconsider morality, “Is’t not perfect conscience to quit him with this arm?”, humanity, “O what a piece of work is a man!”, and ultimately his own identity, “how stand I then?” Such rhetorical aporia reveal his intellectual excellence, furthered by the animal imagery in “But I am pigeon livered and lack gall”, and as such I believe his intellectual, moral affliction to source his delay, and convey Shakespeare’s message. I profess that Shakespeare aims to highlight through Hamlet the futility of action as ultimately, the existential nothingness and uncertainty of death, “the undiscovered country”, awaits, a view similarly shared by critic S.T. Coleridge who believes that “action is the chief end of existence.” Delay undoubtedly perpetuates Hamlet, symbolically seen in “this physic but prolongs thy sicklied days”, with Hamlet spending much of the middle Acts planning his revenge, however delaying when given the opportunity, “up sword, know though a more horrid hent.” Such dramatic structure lays emphasis on the finality of action Hamlet fails
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