‘excessive taxes will be levied; 2. Conversely, centralization restricts the ability of states to compete (as in (i) since a growing national share of total government money weakens the relative significance of local governments; and 3. Centralization may generate a greater reliance on inflationary finance given that only the national government is able to print money. Oates (1985) argued that decentralization would tend to increase total public resource mobilization. An empirical investigation conducted
their existing power, and ability to govern their own people, the federal Government was meant to play a smaller role than it does today. This allows the central authority to make laws about issues that affect the entire nation such as immigration, currency, defence, and trade. The high court of Australia was also established in the constitution to both rule on disputes between the
and spend it next month, next year or the year after. It will store all (or most) of its purchasing power, hence, it stores value. Note that inflation can affect the extent to which this value is
decentralized government, but neither system adequately treats with liberty. a. As stated before, the purpose of government, according to Locke, is the preservation of property. In order to ensure this, Locke proposes a government in which the legislature is “the supreme power of the commonwealth… sacred and unalterable in the hands where the community have once placed it” (Locke 158), which creates a concentrated government in which there are very few bounds put on the legislature. Locke does provide
Executive-legislative disconnection has become serious in Hong Kong. Some council members especially people from pro-democratic camp always oppose government’s policies opinions no matter how they are. The relationship between government and council member is worse. As a result, it makes quality of governance in HKSAR decrease and affect a lot of things and citizens. I will talk about this problem by discussing the cause of the problem, its impacts and solutions. To begin with, people may wonder why executive-legislative
sectors. Many a government has decided to utilize the ICT to communicate and interaction with its citizens to reduce costs, improve performance, faster delivery of government information and services and more effective communication between the various parties. However, electronic government (e-Government) still face pressure on the radical change in structure, values, culture and provide of services by utilizing for ICT. This paper will highlight to present what is e-Government, what are
war ends, there was a rise in world oil price and Nigeria benefited immensely from this rise. Nigeria became a member of the organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) in 1971 and the Nigerian National Petroleum company (NNPC) which is a government owned and controlled company was founded in 1977. By the late sixties and early seventies, Nigeria had attained a production level of over 2 million barrels of crude oil a day. Although there was a drop in production of crude oil in the eighties
Environmental changes and issues have become global concern in our today’s world since they affect both rich and poor, developed and developing countries. Ecology which refers to the air, plants, Organism, mineral resources and water that surround and support the organisms such as humans, has been combined with politic due to the distribution and owning of commons(power). This paper explains the causes, effect and ways of managing common from being overused referencing from common property and rational
Economic essentials affect the level of volatility and the extent to which exchange rate stability is maintained. Favorable economic circumstances and outcome which in turn would appreciate the currency and maintain stability is caused by strong fundamentals. (Mordi 2006) 2
In developing countries rural households especially in African regions rely much on subsistence farming as main source of livelihoods in which food security is met and it also provides seasonal employment opportunities. Although rural households engaged much in farming activities but they are faced with enormous challenges that force them choose other options of livelihoods’ strategies. For instance, due to persistence droughts and unreliability of rainfall made rural households not to have sufficient