Anti Lock Braking System Research Paper

1763 Words8 Pages
ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEMS WITH WHEEL SPEED SENSORS Kishore kumar Dept. Informatik, Masters Automotive Software Engineering Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz, Germany kishore-kumar@s2015.tu-chemnitz.de Abstract— In today’s life, Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) are very common in new model cars. Anti-Lock Braking system have ability to control braking of the car under certain driving environments that in a loss of traction. This paper proposes how wheel speed sensor plays a vital role in decreasing the number of accidents of vehicles. Anti-lock braking system wheel speed sensors monitors the rotation of each wheel, making sure that each wheel is rotating properly. It emphasises about components of Wheel Speed Sensors, the two basic…show more content…
COMPONENTS OF ABS There are four components of an Anti-lock Braking System: • Wheel Speed Sensors • Valves • Pump • Controller Fig. 2. Components of ABS A. Wheel Speed Sensor: The Anti-lock Braking system needs some way of knowing, when a wheel speed is about to lock-up. The wheel speed sensors, which are located at each wheel or in some other cases in the differential, provides this information. B. Valves: There is a valve in the brake line of each brake controlled by the Anti-lock Braking System. This prevents the pressure rising further and indicates whether the driver pushes the brake pedal harder or not and the valve also releases some pressure from the brakes. C. Pump: Since there is a valve component that releases the pressure from the brakes, there has to be the way to put the pressure back. That is what the pump does, when a valve reduces the pressure in a line, the pump is there to back up the pressure. D. Controller: The Controller is like a computer in the car. It watches the wheel speed sensors and controls the valves. III. WHEEL SPEED SENSOR Fig. 3. Wheel Speed…show more content…
Inductive wheel speed sensor: Fig. 5. Inductive Wheel speed sensor Commonly used sensor in vehicles is inductive sensors, which consisting a rod magnet on top of a magnetic pin that is enclosed by a fixed coil. This inductive wheel speed sensor is mounted at a fixed distance from a ferromagnetic rotor with teeth. As the rotor rotates and a tooth comes near to the rod, the magnetic flux in the coil changes. This changes in the magnetic flux which results in a voltage pulse across the fixed coil. The vehicle’s Anti-lock braking system control module counts these voltage pulses and computes the vehicle’s speed. B. Optical Wheel speed sensor Fig. 6. Optical Wheel Speed Sensor Optical Wheel Sensors which also generates pulses at an frequency which is corresponding to the rotor rotation, but in here instead of detecting magnetic flux in coil, the optical sensors measures either light allowed to pass through slits or reflected light. When using an optical wheel speed sensor the rotor either has dark mark or light marks for the optical wheel speed sensor to measure the reflected light using photo sensors, or a series of slits which permits the light from an infrared source to pass through it and on the other side it can be detected by a
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