BACKGROUND The process by which kinetic energy is used to accelerate solid powder particles at an enormous velocity through a de Laval (supersonic nozzle) unto a substrate is known as cold gas dynamic spray or simply cold spray. The process is accomplished when a machine sprays on very minuscule particles of approximately 5 microns in diameter unto a surface building up layers of the particle. These particles are ejected at supersonic speeds onto a substrate, clocking over 1000m/s or Mach 4 speeds