Social Classes During The Elizabethan Era

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Throughout history, there have always been various social roles and classes that affect everyone’s lives. These roles vary, based upon the relevant values of society. Various social classes bring out a certain status that accompanies people in society, some of which bring a stigma, resulting in them being “outcasts” in society. During William Shakespeare’s time, the Elizabethan era, there were two prominent negative statuses in society, “the Jew” and the “bastard,” both of which were shunned. In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Shylock “the Jew” parallels Edmund “the bastard” in King Lear, in that both are presented as unlikeable villains. Not only does Shakespeare call attention to their unlikeable, villainous characters, due only to their…show more content…
Anti-Semitic feelings were very strong, as Jews were seen as inferior to Christians, and treated disreputably by them. The various characters in Merchant treat Shylock this same way, in one instance Antonio refers to Shylock as the devil, “The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose! / An evil soul producing holy witness / Is like a villain with a smiling cheek, / A goodly apple rotten at the heart” (Merchant I.iii.107-110). Antonio disgraces Shylock, only because he can, as he views Shylock as being inferior to him. Bastards were also discriminated against, as they were viewed as illegitimate children, not “pure.” Gloucester is ashamed that Edmund is his son, only because he is a bastard, as he ruefully admits, “His breeding, sir, hath been at my / charge. I have so often blushed to acknowledge / him that I am braze to ‘t” (Lear I.i.9-11). Gloucester refers to Edmund’s “breeding” implying that Edmund was bred like an animal, and Gloucester was the one guilty of breeding him, forced in paying the “charge” of that mistake. Alongside bastards, Jews were also viewed as less than human, also being referred to and treated as animals. Shylock recalls how poorly Antonio treated him in the past, “You spurned me such a day; another time / You called me ‘dog’; and for these courtesies / I’ll lend you thus much moneys’?” (Merchant I.iii.137-139). There was considerable prejudice…show more content…
Throughout their whole lives, Shylock and Edmund have been treated erroneously. Shylock has never known what being treated with dignity and respect feels like; as he has just been treated like an animal. He remarks to Antonio, “You spurned me such a day; another time / You called me ‘dog’; and for these courtesies” (Merchant I.iii.137-138). Shylock has grown accustomed to being treated this way; as others believe that they have the right in treating Shylock this way, which Antonio certainly believes he does remarking, “I am as like to call thee so again, / To spit on thee again, to spurn thee, too” (Merchant I.iii.140-141). Through everyone else believing that Jews are worthless and that they have the right in treating them so poorly, influences the feelings that Jews themselves have of their self-worth, that they actually deserve all of this and will act in the way everyone treats them. Edmund has also been treated shoddily his whole life, as he reflects to himself, “Thou, Nature, art my goddess. To thy law / My services are bound. Wherefore should I / Stand in the plague of custom, and permit / The curiosity of nations to deprive me” (Lear I.ii.1-4). Edmund’s status of the bastard, results in him being hated, for something he is neither responsible for, nor can control. Both Shylock and Edmund, obey the preconceived notions that accompany
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