The Importance of Work Breakdown Structure for GIS Project Management Deniz Kilic, Pinar Balci (d.l.kilic.@students.uu.nl, p.balci@students.uu.nl ) SUMMARY The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in the context of Geographic Information System (GIS) projects’ management by discussing its contributions to GIS project management. According to the undertaking studies, many organizations that have GIS project failures, do not realize the importance of
presented period of time than a month to cover one year, and lower administrative levels concern whenever the period is shorter increased forecasts and estimates are accurate, they are used as a tool for planning and control together, it helps management error detection and correction firsthand track. The business organizations tend to predict and furthermore reforecast detailed budget every monthly, or quarterly. Despite the fact that reforcast was provided, the established budget was still used for
and delegating task down hierarchy without losing control. There are four characteristic of budgetary control being listed out according to (Quail,1997): 1. In budget, target based are used to anticipate sales which company needed to decide the activities that it need to undertake and also how to go on and when to do the activities. 2. Budget target integrate activities down the organization by breaking it down into division, department or individual. 3. Monitoring the performance against the target
Public hospitals are an important part of health systems in developing countries, and depending on their capacity, act as first referral, secondary or last referral facilities. These hospitals are generally responsible for 50 to 80 percent of recurrent government health sector expenditure in most developing countries (Barnum & Kutzin, 1993), and utilize nearly half of the total national health expenditure in many of these countries (Mills, 1990). Under the prevailing conditions of increasing health
Chapter 9: Time Management What are the three basic steps of time management and give examples of each step. 1. Allow time for planning and establishing priorities: this usually involves organizing thought and determines how the plans will be executed and the time it will take to complete this task. An example will be to write down all the things that must be completed for the week and rate each task based on its
meant you were lowly and couldn’t afford servants to cook for you. Not just where or how you ate, but what you ate showed your social class. For example, eating brown bread showed that you were of a lowly class, while eating white bread showed your importance. (Cooks)
controlled during monitoring and controlling phase. Time is the most valuable resource in the project, without proper time management, a project can head towards disaster. Scheduling can be used to manage the time in the project. Project cost management: Project cost management includes the processes involved in planning, estimating, budgeting, financing, funding, managing and controlling costs so that the project can be completed within the approved budget. (PMBOK, 2013). Cost/money is another major constrain
management • Time management • Cost management • Quality management • Integration management Scope management Includes the processes concerned with defining and controlling what is or is not included in the project and required to complete the project both successfully and efficiently. This process ensures that the project has clear objectives and goals and that those have been properly documented and that each objective has a well-defined set of
However it does prove to be effective when followed properly. This budget is prepared by dividing all of a government's operations into decision units at relatively low levels of the organization. Individual decision units are then aggregated into decision packages on the basis of program activities, program goals, organizational
to the acceptance based criteria , within a specific timescale as well as budget. The term project management is defined as an application of processes or methods in fact to achieve the project based objectives. Objectives might differ from one organization to another. A primary factor which would distinguish the term project management with the term management is that it has to be a final deliverable with a specific time period , however the term management would deal with the ongoing operation