original state of violent people. He believed in reason and law of nature that would replace customs and traditional faith. Since Hobbes argued by reason, regardless what religion you were a part of, you would be compelled to agree. Hobbes starts off by saying that all men are roughly equal in nature. Therefore, men are also equal in desires & hopes. Everyone is striving towards the same goals, thus everyone is a threat to everyone. This creates insecurity, war, and violence. Hobbes states that the
From the 15th to the 19th century, many great thinkers had emerged like Niccolò Machiavelli, John Locke, and Karl Marx/Frederick Engels. All of these great thinkers share a common ground which was the improvement of society. In 1532, Machiavelli published The Prince detailing a practical guide for ruling through authoritarianism; while on the other hand, John Locke’s fundamental belief is in the people’s equality and their natural rights. In addition, Marx and Engels wrote The Communist Manifesto
and dose for gratitude intervention has remained unclear (Emmons & Mishra, 2011). For example, in a daily gratitude journal-keeping exercise with young adults Emmons and McCullough (2003) found that participants reported higher levels of positive states of alertness, enthusiasm, determination, and