written constitution’. In Seychelles, after overthrowing President James Mancham, as pointed by Seddon & Seddon-Daines (2005: 462) President René administered the country as a one-party state for 14 years. In the Republic of Kenya, as known after independence in 1963, The KANU under Jomo Kenyatta formed a government together with a minority party, the KADU, which according to Seddon and Seddon (2005: 283, 286) represented minority ethnic groups, resented Kikuyu and Luo domination and hoped for the
Washington Irving (1783 –1859) was born in the year United Stated achieved independence from Britain and he was named after the Father of His Country, George Washington. He is known as the father of American Literature. He “legitimated the writer as writer, someone distinct from other occupations, and he vindicated the artwork as just that, a work of art and not a vehicle for moral or civic instruction” (Gilmore 661-662). He was the American writer who made authorship profitable. "If the American
countries such as Great Britain and France criticized the traditional authority and adopted the idea that humanity was enhanced via rational thinking (Schmidt, 31). The Enlightenment generated many scholarly works such as scientific discoveries, books, essays, laws, and revolutions (Hanley and McMahon, p. 2). In this respect, the Enlightenment ideas directly influenced the French and Americans Revolutions. The American Enlightenment took place between 1714 and 1818 and greatly influenced the creation of