Ab Supply Chain Analysis

675 Words3 Pages
system, the same applies to Ab. here are Seemingly opposing qualities of Ab as they can be very specific but also bind different antigens: the antigen binding sites consist of 6 CDR's of light and heavy chain. The heavy chain (CDR-H1 and CDR-H2) have limited number of canonical structures determined by amino acid sequences, but CDR-H3 is in the centre of the antigen binding site and is very versatile. It's very variable in length, sequence and structure. It results from rearranging mutiple gene segments, which can by additionally diversified. In most Ab CDR-H3 has a key role in antigen recognition. It can be flatter and perit low-affinity if it is formed in early human development, in which case it is shorter than adults. Polyspecificity is…show more content…
Human constant region genes are encoded in order, and duplicatoin of GGE occurred in he common hominoid ancestor and the subsequent deletion of the E gene in each hominoid species. IgG4 evolved into Ab very differently from IgG1, in that they are not efficient in complemnt introduction and cell activation. The classical Ab is a tertamer with 2 identical dimers of same specificity. But IgG4 however is often bispecific. The suggestion has arised that IgG4 exchanges dimer partners, making a hybrid antigen Ab with Fab arms binding unrelated antigens. This has been confirmed and reproduced in vitro.The CH3 domain has been shown to be critically involved in IgG4 Fab exchange. Oddly, CH3 from IgG1 differs only 3 amino acids from IgG4. The Fab arms exchanging to IgG4 ability is tied to these three, most likely. But the continuous arm swapping interferes with immune-complex formation by other Ab isotypes. This explains the antiinflammatory effect of IgG4 and correlation of IgG4 Ab levels with the clinical response to treatment of IgE-mediated allergies. Allergy might predict that there is a selection pressure to increase IgG4 levels. Tandem replicatino of G4 gene as found in 44% of IgHC haplotypes in the italina population. Various types of duplication and deletio nof haplotpes were ound in negroid, mongoloid populatoins. Uplication of A1-G2-G4-E region was the most common polymorphism found in all populatoins. G4 deletionis comoon in all racial groups and the only
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