emotional life and for the patient the largest amount of help that we can give him to-day” (Lanzoni 170-71). He believed that not only should doctors remain detached, but he also accepted that doctors should treat patients without any feeling, a step beyond detachment, a state of being objective or levelheaded and aloof, which Binswanger rejected. He rejected the idea that it is best to view “patients’ disorders by invoking flows of libido or unconscious mechanisms, both because they did not apply to