INTRODUCTION A) General description about virus Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules either DNA or RNA enclosed in a coat of protein. They can reproduce only within living cells. Viruses are smaller than prokaryotic cells ranging from 0.02 to 0.3 micrometer. A fully assembled infectious virus is known as a virion. The main function of virion is to deliver its DNA or RNA genome into the host cell so that genome can be expressed by the host cell.[1] Three major
Causes of influenza A change in the virus RNA can cause mutation of the influenza viruses thereby producing new strains. This constant changing causes the virus to evade the immune system even if you taken shots and other precautions. A person is susceptible to influenza virus throughout his or her lifetime. Even though you have taken proper protection your body the antibodies in your body will not recognize the new strains of virus and you will become sick. People are susceptible to novel flu viruses
Influenza, also known as the flu, is a common disease among humans. Its symptoms include coughing, a sore throat, sneezing, fever, nausea, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhoea, chills and a runny or stuffy nose. For most adults, symptoms are mostly irritating or painful at worst, however, influenza can kill healthy children, the elderly and pregnant women and therefore it is of concern to humanity. Despite attempts at eliminating influenza, we have not done so as of yet, due to several reasons. The first
in 1780 worldwide. This disease was a deadly disease that was contagious, disfiguring and had drastic effects on humans for thousands of years. Smallpox is caused by an infection with the variola virus. Symptoms of smallpox generally appear 14 days after infection. When contracted with the smallpox virus the individual looks and feels healthy and normally will not pass on the disease to others. This duration is called the incubation period. Some early symptoms of smallpox include fever, discomfort
Avian Influenza What IS avian influenza (AI)? Similar answers, including the United States Department of Agriculture’s in 2015 are “a virus that infects wild birds (such as ducks, gulls, and shorebirds) and domestic poultry (such as chickens, turkeys, ducks, and geese) (USDA, 2015). Also known as the bird flu around the world, the common classification labeled with this well-known virus is H5N1. In part, this is true; H5N1 is a strain of the bird flu, but not the only one. Avian influenza viruses
ABSTRACT: Aeromicrobiology is the area of biological sciences that describes the activities of aerial microorganisms. Basically troposphere is the closest aerial zone of earth that exhibit the overload of microorganisms. After suspending in the air the microorganisms can travel throughout a long distance and can create several diseases not only in human beings but also in other living organisms also .This review article covers the effect of bioaerosols on producing diseases in living organisms.
Avian influenza (AI) is a viral disease that commonly infects poultry and other birds, but does not necessarily make wild aquatic birds sick because it occurs naturally among them. When exposed to this virus, domesticated poultry can become sickened or even killed. “AI viruses can infect chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, ducks, geese and guinea fowl as well as a wide variety of other birds, including migratory waterfowl” (USDA Ag. Research). The so-called “bird flu” has also proven itself to the
countless contributions to change the face of medicine, and they have received glorious recognition for their work. One of these extraordinary scientists was American Physician Dr. Jonas Edward Salk. Polio is a disease caused by an infectious virus called poliovirus which first invades the gut, it’s cells then reproduces in the lining of the intestines continuing into the bloodstream and in many patients all the way to the central nervous system which causes paralysis in the muscles. Polio
or too sick to be immunized. These vaccinations have helped eliminate many infectious diseases in the U.S. including diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella and hemophilic influenza. However, there are still viruses which are deathly that still exist such as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis and malaria. There has not been an adequately targeted vaccine, which is effective enough to completely
that is contagious. These diseases can be transmitted by droplet contact, physical contact, sexual contact, oral transmission, and fecal-oral transmission. One example of a communicable disease is measles (or ‘rubeola’). It is caused by an airborne virus that is transmitted through droplets (e.g. coughing and sneezing). Air that is contaminated with measles can infect a person who breathes this air in and then touches their eyes, nose, or mouth. The symptoms of this disease include a high temperature