Theory
The principle on how the rust removers work is a chemical reaction between the rust remover elements and rust (Fe2O3). These may either be substitution reaction or metathesis.
Single displacement or substitution reaction is characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another element.
A + BC → AC + B
In a double displacement or metathesis reaction two compounds exchange bonds or ions to form different compounds.
AB + CD → AD + CB
- http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemicalreactions/a/reactiontypes.htm From this the researchers may analyze that each rust removers reacts to rust (Fe2O3) either with iron or oxygen.
The simplest, and longest-established, method of estimating corrosion losses in plant and equipment is weight loss analysis. The weight loss is converted to a corrosion rate (CR) or metal loss (ML), as follows:
The constant can be varied to calculate the corrosion rate in various units:
Desired Corrosion Rate Unit (CR)…show more content… (2001-02), CLR is a type of rust removing the product, and one of its components is citric acid. Since the CLR which is a commercial product for rust removers has citric acid in it, the researchers decided to use a product that is commonly found in markets and has a high amount of citric acid. Citric acid is an acid that’s found in fruits and is considered as a weak type of acid. The citric acid found in lemons and limes is much more plentiful than that of grapefruits and oranges. According to the National Institutes of Health, fresh-squeezed juice from lemons contains 1.44 g of citric acid per ounce, and lemon juice concentrate contains 1.10 g per ounce. Thus, the researchers have decided to use lemon juice as a material to remove rust from shipboard equipment which is also due to the fact it is common and easily found. Lemon is also used in metal refining, plumbing, bleaching, engraving, plating, disinfection, metal cleaning, and rust removal because of it has malic